Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Perspective on the clinical application of troponin in heart failure and states of cardiac injury

  • Published:
Heart Failure Reviews Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The ability to measure the appearance of cardiac specific forms of troponin in the blood represents a major advance in the clinical assessment of patients with many types of cardiovascular disease, especially acute coronary syndromes. In this review we focus on the utility of troponin in heart failure where this biomarker has emerged as an independent predictor of prognosis providing information beyond clinical assessment and measurement of b-type natriuretic peptides. The novel clinical role of troponin in a variety of states associated with myocardial injury, including chemotherapy and patients with cardiovascular risk factors, is discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Braunwald E (2008) Biomarkers in heart failure. N Engl J Med 358:2148–2159. doi:10.1056/NEJMra0800239

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Tang WH, Francis GS, Morrow DA, Newby LK, Cannon CP, Jesse RL, Storrow AB, Christenson RH, Apple FS, Rayklide J, Wu AH, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine (2007) National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine practice guidelines: clinical utilization of cardiac biomarker testing in heart failure. Circulation 116:e99–e109. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185267

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Jaffe AS, Babuin L (2005) Troponin: the biomarker of choice for the detection of cardiac injury. Can Med Assoc J 173:1191–1202. doi:10.1503/cmaj/051291

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Apple FS, Wu AHB (2001) Myocardial infarction redefined: role of cardiac troponin testing. Clin Chem 47:377–379

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. The Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee (2000) Myocardial infarction redefined—a consensus document of the Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the Redefinition of Myocardial Infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 36:959–969. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00804-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Farah CS, Reinach FC (1995) The troponin complex and regulation of muscle contraction. FASEB J 9:755–767

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ (2004) Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159–176. doi:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Knott A, Purcell I, Marston S (2002) In vitro motility analysis of thin filaments from failing and non-failing human heart: troponin from failing human hearts induces slower filament sliding and higher Ca2+ sensitivity. J Mol Cell Cardiol 34:469–482. doi:10.1006/jmcc.2002.1528

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Solaro RJ, Burkart EM (2002) Functional defects in troponin and the systems biology of heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol 34:689–693. doi:10.1006/jmcc.2002.2028

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bodor GS, Porterfield D, Voss EM, Smith S, Apple FS (1995) Cardiac troponin-I is not expressed in fetal, healthy or diseased adult human skeletal muscle tissue. Clin Chem 41:1710–1715

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Wallace TW, Abdullah SM, Drazner MH, Das SR, Khera A, McGuire DK, Wians F, Sabatine MS, Marrow DA, Lemos JA (2006) Prevalence and determinants of troponin t elevation in the general population. Circulation 113:1958–1965. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.609974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zethelius B, Johnston N, Venge P (2006) Troponin I as a predictor of coronary heart disease and mortality in seventy year old men. Circulation 113:1071–1078. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.570762

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Daniels LB, Laughlin GA, Clopton P, Maisel AS, Barrett-Connor E (2008) Minimally elevated cardiac troponin T and elevated n-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide predict mortality in older adults. J Am Coll Cardiol 52:450–459. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2008.04.033

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Latini R, Masson S, Anand IS, Missov E, Carlson M, Vago T, Angelici L, Barlera S, Parrinello G, Maggioni AP, Tognoni G, Cohn JN, for the Val-HeFT Investigators (2007) Prognostic value of very low plasma concentrations of troponin T in patients with stable chronic heart failure. Circulation 116:1242–1249. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.655076

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Van Eyk JE, Powers F, Law W, Larue C, Hodges RS, Solaro J (1998) Breakdown and release of myofilament proteins during ischemia and ischemia/reperfusion in rat hearts. Circulation 82:261–271

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bertinchant JP, Polge A, Robert E, Sabbah N, Fabbro-Peray P, Poirey S, Laprade M, Pau B, Juan JM, Bali JP, de la Coussaye JE, Dauzat M (1999) Time-course of cardiac troponin I release from isolated perfused rat hearts during hypoxia/reoxygenation and ischemia/reperfusion. Clin Chim Acta 283:43–56. doi:10.1016/S0009-8981(99)00029-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hessel MHM, MIchielsen ECHJ, Atsma DE, Schalij MJ, van der Valk EJM, Bax WH, Hermens WT, van Dieijen-Visser MP, van der Laarse A (2008) Release kinetics of intact and degraded troponin I and T after irreversible cell damage. Exp Mol Pathol 85:90–95. doi:10.1016/j.yexmp.2008.07.002

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Bleier J, Vorderwinkler KP, Falkensammer J, Mair P, Dapunt O, Puschendorf B, Mair J (1998) Different intracellular compartmentations of cardiac troponins and myosin heavy chains: a causal connection to their different early release after myocardial damage. Clin Chem 44:1912–1918

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Antman EM (2002) Decision making with cardiac troponin tests. N Engl J Med 346:2079–2082. doi:10.1056/NEJMe020049

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lowbeer C, Gustafsson SA, Seeberger A, Bouvier F, Hulting J (2004) Serum cardiac troponin T in patients hospitalized with heart failure is associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and systolic dysfunction. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 64:667–676. doi:10.1080/00365510410003002

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Angheloiu GO, Dickerson RP, Ravakhah K (2004) Etiology of troponin I elevation in patients with congestive heart failure and low clinical suspicion of myocardial infarction. Resuscitation 63:195–201. doi:10.1016/j.resuscitation.2004.05.018

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Clarke MSF, Feeback DL (1996) Mechanical load induces sarcoplasmic wounding and FGF release in differentiated human skeletal muscle cultures. FASEB J 10:502–509

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Kaye D, Pimental D, Prasda S, Maki T, Berger HJ, McNeil PL, Smith TW, Kelly RA (1996) Role of transiently altered sarcolemmal membrane permeability and basic fibroblast growth factor release in the hypertrophic response of adult rat ventricular myocytes to increased mechanical activity in vitro. J Clin Invest 97:281–291. doi:10.1172/JCI118414

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ross RS, Borg TK (2001) Integrins and the myocardium. Circ Res 88:1112–1119. doi:10.1161/hh1101.091862

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Hessel HMM, Atsma DE, van der Valk EJM, Bax WH, Schalij MJ, van der Laarse A (2008) Release of cardiac troponin I from viable cardiomyocytes is mediated by integrin stimulation. Pflugers Arch 455:979–986

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Douglas PS, O’Toole ML, Hiller WD, Hackney K, Reichek N (1987) Cardiac fatigue after prolonged exercise. Circulation 76:1206–1213

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Shave R, George K, Whyte G, Hart E, Middleton N (2008) Postexercise changes in left ventricular function: the evidence so far. Med Sci Sports Exerc 40:1393–1399

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Herrmann M, Scharhaq J, Miclea M, Urhausen A, Herrmann W, Kindermann W (2003) Post-race kinetics of cardiac troponin T and I and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in marathon runners. Clin Chem 49:831–834. doi:10.1373/49.5.831

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Neumayr G, Pfister R, Mitterbauer G, Eibl G, Hoertnagl H (2005) Effect of competitive marathon cycling on plasma n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin T in healthy recreational cyclists. Am J Cardiol 96:732–735. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.04.054

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Michielsen ECHJ, Wodzig WKWH, Van Dieijen-Visser MP (2008) Cardiac troponin T release after prolonged strenuous exercise. Sports Med 38:425–435. doi:10.2165/00007256-200838050-00005

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Shave R, George KP, Atkinson G, Hart E, Middleton N, Whyte G, Gaze D, Collinson PO (2007) Exercise-induced cardiac troponin T release: a meta-analysis. Med Sci Sports Exerc 39:2099–2106. doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000272655.27166.d0

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Whyte G, Stephens N, Senior R, George K, Shave R, Wilson M, Sharma S (2007) Treat the patient not the blood test: the implications of an increase in cardiac troponin after prolonged endurance exercise. Br J Sports Med 41:613–615. doi:10.1136/bjsm.2006.033720

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Whyte GP, George K, Sharma S, Lumley S, Gates P, Prasad K, McKenna WJ (1999) Cardiac fatigue following prolonged endurance exercise of differing distances. Med Sci Sports Exerc 32:1067–1072. doi:10.1097/00005768-200006000-00005

    Google Scholar 

  34. Chen Y, Serfass RC, Mackey-Bojack SM, Kelly KL, Titus JL, Apple FS (2000) Cardiac troponin T alterations in myocardium and serum of rats after stressful, prolonged intense exercise. J Appl Physiol 88:1749–1755

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Koc M, Bozkurt A, Acarturk E, Sahin DY, Unal I (2008) Usefulness of N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide increase with exercise for predicting cardiovascular mortality in patients with heart failure. Am J Cardiol 101:1157–1162. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.11.070

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Jaffe AS, Babuin L, Apple FS (2006) Biomarkers in acute cardiac disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 48:1–11. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2006.02.056

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Shah MR, Hasselblad V, Tasissa G, Christenson RH, Binanay C, O’Connor CM, Ohman EM, Stevenson LW, Califf RM (2007) Rapid assay brain natriuretic peptide and troponin I in patients hospitalized with decompensated heart failure (from the Evaluation Study of Congestive Heart Failure and Pulmonary Artery Catheterization Effectiveness Trial). Am J Cardiol 100:1427–1433. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.06.035

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. James SK, Lindahl B, Armstrong P, Califf R, Simoons ML, Venge P, Wallentin L (2004) A rapid troponin I assay is not optimal for determination of troponin status and prediction of subsequent cardiac events at suspicion of unstable coronary syndromes. Int J Cardiol 93:113–120. doi:10.1016/S0167-5273(03)00157-8

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Mallamaci F, Zoccali C, Parlongo S, Tripepi G, Benedetto FA, Cutrupi S, Bonanno G, Fatuzzo P, Rapisarda F, Seminara G, Stancanelli B, Bellanuova I, Cataliotti A, Malatino LS (2002) Troponin is related to left ventricular mass and predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis 40:68–75. doi:10.1053/ajkd.2002.33914

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Musso P, Cox I, Vidano E, Zambon D, Panteghini M (1999) Cardiac troponin elevations in chronic renal failure: prevalence and clinical significance. Clin Biochem 32:125–130. doi:10.1016/S0009-9120(98)00089-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Aviles RJ, Askari AR, Lindahi B et al (2002) Troponin T levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes with or without renal dysfunction. N Engl J Med 346:2047–2052. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa013456

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Thygesen K, Alpert JS, White HD, on behalf of the Joint ESC/ACCF/AHA/WHF Task Force for the Redefinition of Myocardial Infarction (2007) Universal definition of myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J 28:2525–2538. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehm355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Alpert JS, Thygesen K, White HD, Jaffe AS (2008) Implication of the universal definition of myocardial infarction. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 5(11):678–679. doi:10.1038/ncpcardio1329

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Hochholzer W, Buettner HJ, Trenk D, Laule K, Christ M, Neumann FJ, Mueller C (2008) New definition of myocardial infarction: impact on long-term mortality. Am J Med 121:399–405. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2008.01.033

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Steinhubl SR (2006) Optimizing antiplatelet therapy for the ACS patient: reacting to clinical trial data from the ISAR-REACT-2 studies. Rev Cardiovasc Med 7(Suppl 4):S12–S19. doi:10.1016/j.carrev.2005.10.006

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. ECS/ACCF/AHA/WHF Expert Consensus Document (2007) Universal definition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 50:2173–2195. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.09.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Apple FS, Quist HE, Doyle PJ, Otto AP, Murakami MM (2003) Plasma 99th percentile reference limits for cardiac troponin and creatinine kinase MB mass for use with European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology consensus recommendations. Clin Chem 49:1331–1336. doi:10.1373/49.8.1331

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Apple FS, Wu AH, Jaffe AS (2002) European Society of Cardiology and American College of Cardiology guidelines for redefinition of myocardial infarction: how to use existing assays clinically and for clinical trials. Am Heart J 144:981–986. doi:10.1067/mhj.2002.124048

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Apple FS, Jesse RL, Newby LK, Wu AH, Christenson RH, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry: IFCC Committee for Standardization of Markers of Cardiac Disease (2007) National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry: IFCC Committee for Standardization of Markers of Cardiac Damage laboratory medicine practice guidelines: analytical issues for biochemical markers of acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 115:e352–e355. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.182881

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. James S, Armstrong P, Califf R, Simoons ML, Venge P, Wallentin L, Lindahl B (2003) Troponin T levels and risk of 30-day outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndrome: prospective verification in the GUSTO-IV trial. Am J Med 115:178–184. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00348-6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Antman EM, Tanasijevic MJ, Thompson B, Schactman M, McCabe CH, Cannon CP, Fischer GA, Fung AY, Thompson C, Wybenga D, Braunwald E (1996) Cardiac-specific troponin I levels to predict the risk of mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 335:1342–1349. doi:10.1056/NEJM199610313351802

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Christenson RH, Duh SH, Newby LK, Ohman EM, Califf RM, Granger CB, Peck S, Pieper KS, Armstrong PW, Katus HA, Topol EJ (1998) Cardiac troponin T and cardiac troponin I: relative values in short-term risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes. GUSTO-IIa Investigators. Clin Chem 44:494–501

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Lüscher MS, Thygesen K, Ravkilde J, Heickendorff L (1997) Applicability of cardiac troponin T and I for early risk stratification in unstable coronary artery disease. TRIM Study Group. Thrombin inhibition in myocardial ischemia. Circulation 96:2578–2585

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Missov E, Calzolari C, Pau B (1997) Circulating cardiac troponin I in severe congestive heart failure. Circulation 96:2953–2958

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Perna ER, Macín SM, Cimbaro Canella JP, Alvarenga PM, Pantich RE, Ríos NG, Cialzeta JR, Farías EF, Badaracco JR, Brizuela M, Jantus E, Missov ED (2004) High levels of troponin T are associated with ventricular remodeling and adverse in-hospital outcome in heart failure. Med Sci Monit 10:CR90–CR95

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Nishio Y, Sato Y, Taniguchi R, Shizuta S, Doi T, Morimoto T, Kimura T, Kita T (2007) Cardiac troponin T vs other biochemical markers in patients with congestive heart failure. Circ J 71:631–635. doi:10.1253/circj.71.631

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Gheorghiade M, Gattis Stough W, Adams KF Jr, Jaffe AS, Hasselblad V, O’Connor CM (2005) The pilot randomized study of Nesiritide Versus Dobutamine in heart failure (PRESERVD-HF). Am J Cardiol 96(6A):18G–25G. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.07.017

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. You JJ, Austin PC, Alter DA, Ko DT, Tu JV (2007) Relation between cardiac troponin I and mortality in acute decompensated heart failure. Am Heart J 153:462–470. doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2007.01.027

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Fonarow GC, Peacock WF, Horwich TB, Phillips CO, Givertz MM, Lopatin M, Wynne J, ADHERE Scientific Advisory Committee Investigators (2008) Usefulness of B-type natriuretic peptide and cardiac troponin levels to predict in-hospital mortality from ADHERE. Am J Cardiol 101:231–237. doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.07.066

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Ishii J, Nomura M, Nakamura Y, Naruse H, Mori Y, lshikawa T, Ando T, Kurokawa H, Kondo T, Nagamura Y, Ezaki K, Hishida H (2002) Risk stratification using a combination of cardiac troponin T and brain natriuretic peptide in patients hospitalized for worsening chronic heart failure. Am J Cardiol 89:691–695

    Google Scholar 

  61. Metra M, Nodari S, Parrinello G, Specchia C, Brentana L, Rocca P, Fracassi F, Bordonali T, Milani P, Danesi R, Verzura G, Chiari E, Dei Cas L (2007) The role of plasma biomarkers in acute heart failure. Serial changes and independent prognostic value of NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin-T. Eur J Heart Fail 9:776–786. doi:10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.05.007

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Horwich TB, Patel J, MacLellan WR, Fonarow GC (2003) Cardiac troponin I is associated with impaired hemodynamics, progressive left ventricular dysfunction, and increased mortality rates in advanced heart failure. Circulation 108:833–838. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000084543.79097.34

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Sliwa K, Fett J, Elkayam U (2006) Peripartum cardiomyopathy. Lancet 368:687–693. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69253-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Sliwa K, Drexler H (2008) Peripartum cardiomyopathy: recent insights in its pathophysiology. Trends Cardiovasc Med 18:173–179. doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2008.05.002

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Hu CL, Li YB, Zou YG, Zhang JM, Chen JB, Liu J, Tang YH, Tang QZ, Huang CX (2007) Troponin T measurement can predict persistent left ventricular dysfunction in peripartum cardiomyopathy. Heart 93:488–490. doi:10.1136/hrt.2006.087387

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Jurcut R, Wildiers H, Ganame J, D’hooge J, Paridaens R, Voigt JU (2008) Detection and monitoring of cardiotoxicity—what does modern cardiology offer? Support Care Cancer 16:437–445. doi:10.1007/s00520-007-0397-6

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Dolci A, Dominici R, Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Panteghini M (2008) Biochemical markers for prediction of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. Am J Clin Pathol 130:688–695. doi:10.1309/AJCPB66LRIIVMQDR

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Korff S, Katus H, Giannitsis E (2006) Differential diagnosis of elevated troponins. Heart 92:987–993. doi:10.1136/hrt.2005.071282

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Colombo A, Colombo N, Boeri M, Lamantia G, Civelli M, Peccatori F, Martinelli G, Fiorentini C, Cipolla CM (2004) Prognostic value of troponin I in cardiac risk stratification of cancer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy. Circulation 109:2749–2754. doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000130926.51766.CC

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Martinoni A, Tricca A, Civelli M, Lamantia G, Cinieri S, Martinelli G, Cipolla CM, Fiorentini C (2000) Left ventricular dysfunction predicted by early troponin I release after high-dose chemotherapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 36:517–522. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(00)00748-8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kilickap S, Barista I, Akgul E, Aytemir K, Aksoyek S, Aksoy S, Celik I, Kes S, Tekuzman G (2005) cTnT can be a useful marker for early detection of anthracycline cardiotoxicity. Ann Oncol 16:798–804. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdi152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Lenihan DJ, Massey MR, Baysinger KB, Adorno CL, Warneke CL, Steinert D, Fayad L, Plana JC, Yusuf SW, Chiu A, Durand J, Yeh E (2007) Superior detection of cardiotoxicity during chemotherapy using biomarkers. J Cardiac Fail 13(Abst-S2):S151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Peacock WF 4th, De Marco T, Fonarow GC, Diercks D, Wynne J, Apple FS, Wu AH, ADHERE Investigators (2008) Cardiac troponin and outcome in acute heart failure. N Engl J Med 358:2117–2126

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Hudson MP, O’Connor CM, Gattis WA, Tasissa G, Hasselblad V, Holleman CM, Gaulden LH, Sedor F, Ohman EM (2004) Implications of elevated cardiac troponin T in ambulatory patients with heart failure: a prospective analysis. Am Heart J 147:546–552

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Ishii J, Cui W, Kitagawa F, Kuno T, Nakamura Y, Naruse H, Mori Y, Ishikawa T, Nagamura Y, Kondo T, Oshima H, Nomura M, Ezaki K, Hishida H (2003) Prognostic value of combination of cardiac troponin T and B-type natriuretic peptide after initiation of treatment in patients with chronic heart failure. Clin Chem 49:2020–2026

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Sakhuja R, Green S, Oestreicher EM, Sluss PM, Lee-Lewandrowski E, Lewandrowski KB, Januzzi JL Jr (2007) Amino-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide, and troponin T for prediction of mortality in acute heart failure. Clin Chem 53:412–420

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Dodos F, Halbsguth T, Erdmann E, Hoppe UC (2008) Usefulness of myocardial performance index and biochemical markers for early detection of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in adults. Clin Res Cardiol 97:318–326

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Nisticò C, Bria E, Cuppone F, Carpino A, Ferretti G, Vitelli G, Sperduti I, Calabretta F, Toglia G, Tomao S, Cognetti F, Terzoli E (2007) Troponin-T and myoglobin plus echocardiographic evaluation for monitoring early cardiotoxicity of weekly epirubicin-paclitaxel in metastatic breast cancer patients. Anticancer Drugs 18:227–232

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kirkwood F. Adams Jr..

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bass, A., Patterson, J.H. & Adams, K.F. Perspective on the clinical application of troponin in heart failure and states of cardiac injury. Heart Fail Rev 15, 305–317 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-008-9124-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10741-008-9124-8

Keywords

Navigation