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Exogenous application of epibrassinolide attenuated Verticillium wilt in upland cotton by modulating the carbohydrates metabolism, plasma membrane ATPases and intracellular osmolytes

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Abstract

Verticillium dahliae toxin (Vd toxin) was employed as pathogen free model system to induce osmotic stress on upland cotton and its amelioration is investigated using epibrassinolide (EBR). In this study, we observed the physiological and biochemical differences among Vd toxin alone and EBR + Vd toxin treated plants using different levels of root (5, 10, 15 nM) and shoot (50, 100, 200 nM) applied EBR. Results revealed that in absence of EBR, Vd toxin caused 83 % plant wilting and the levels of glycine betaine and proline were 33 and 61 % higher than non treated control, respectively. However, the accumulation of these osmolytes was decreased in EBR treated plants with minimum values at 5 and 200 nM. Furthermore, the results depicted a remarkable decline in soluble sugars, photosynthesis, transpiration, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll florescence (Fv/Fm) in Vd toxin alone treated plants than EBR + Vd toxin. Besides, the activities of sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and acid invertase were high in Vd + EBR treated plants with increased root and shoot biomass than Vd toxin alone treated plants. Moreover, EBR remarkably regulated the levels of plasma membrane ATPases and contents of total ATPase and Na+ K+-ATPase were elevated while contents of Ca2+ Mg2+-ATPase and H+ K+-ATPase were decreased as compared to Vd toxin alone treated plants. This study broadens our understanding of Verticillium wilt and demonstrates the potential role of EBR in mediating tolerance against Vd toxin induced stress of V. dahliae in cotton.

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Abbreviations

AI:

Acid invertase

BRs:

Brassinosteroid

Brz:

Brassinozole

EBR:

24-Epibrassinolide

PLPC:

Protein–lipopolysaccharide complex

PM:

Plasma membrane

Pn:

Net photosynthesis

SPS:

Sucrose phosphate synthase

SuSy:

Sucrose synthase

TE:

Trachery elements

Tr:

Transpiration rate

Vd:

Verticillium dahliae

VW:

Verticillium wilt

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31171616) and Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation of Zhejiang Province: Bsh1202088.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Yu Hang Tang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Noreen Bibi, Kai Fan, Shuna Yuan & Wang Xuede

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan

    Muhammad Dawood

  3. Department of Botany, Kohat University, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan

    Ghazala Nawaz

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  1. Noreen Bibi
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  2. Kai Fan
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  3. Muhammad Dawood
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  4. Ghazala Nawaz
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  5. Shuna Yuan
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  6. Wang Xuede
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Correspondence to Noreen Bibi.

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Bibi, N., Fan, K., Dawood, M. et al. Exogenous application of epibrassinolide attenuated Verticillium wilt in upland cotton by modulating the carbohydrates metabolism, plasma membrane ATPases and intracellular osmolytes. Plant Growth Regul 73, 155–164 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-013-9877-5

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