Skip to main content
Log in

Characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm: a critique

  • Short Communication
  • Published:
Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Descriptor characterization of sesame accessions regenerated in Georgia, USA gave only a very limited picture of the wealth of sesame diversity, and an inaccurate portrayal of literature pertaining to the crop’s domestication. Background information is far richer than touched upon in Morris’s paper, as elaborated in this appraisal. Patterns of sesame’s genotypic diversity follow geographic lines. Data from parallel approaches: taxonomic, genetic and molecular, identify the wild progenitor of sesame from the taxon Sesamum orientale var. malabaricum Nar.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abdellatef E, Sirelkhatem R, Mohamed Ahmed MM, Radwan KH, Khalafalla MM (2008) Study of genetic diversity in Sudanese sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Afr J Biotechnol 7(24):4423–4427

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ali GM, Yasumoto S, Seki-Katsuka M (2007) Assessment of genetic diversity in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) detected by amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Electron J Biotechnol 10(1):12–23

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Annapurna Kishore Kumar MS (2003) Studies on karyoptype, genome size and genome relations in some species of Sesamum L. (Pedaliaceae). Ph.D. thesis, Karnataka University, Dharwar, India

  • Annapurna Kishore Kumar MS, Hiremath SC (2008) Cytological analysis of interspecific hybrid between Sesamum indicum L. X S. orientale L. var. malabaricum. Karnataka J Agric Sci 21(4):498–502

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker HG (1953) Race formation and reproductive method in flowering plants. In: Evolution, No. 7. Symposia for the society for experimental biology, pp 114–145, Academic Press, NY

  • Bedigian D (1981) Origin, diversity, exploration and collection of sesame. In: Sesame: Status and Improvement. FAO Plant Production and Protection Paper 29. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, pp 164–169

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (1984) Sesamum indicum L.: crop origin, diversity, chemistry and ethnobotany. PhD Dissertation, University of Illinois, Champaign-Urbana. University Microfilms # DA8502071, Dissertation abstracts international 1985, 45: 3410-B

  • Bedigian D (1988) Sesamum indicum L. (Pedaliaceae): Ethnobotany in Sudan, crop diversity, lignans, origin, and related taxa. In: Goldblatt P, Lowry PP (eds) Modern systematic studies in African Botany. AETFAT Monographs in Systematic Botany, 25. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, pp 315–321

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (1991) Genetic diversity of traditional sesame cultivars and cultural diversity in Sudan. In: Oldfield ML, Alcorn JB (eds) Biodiversity: culture, conservation and ecodevelopment. Westview Press, Boulder, pp 25–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (1998) Early history of sesame cultivation in the near east and beyond. In: Damania AB, Valkoun J, Willcox G, Qualset CO (eds.), The origins of agriculture and crop domestication. The Harlan Symposium, pp 93–101, ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. http://www.bioversityinternational.org/publications/Web_version/47/

  • Bedigian D (2000) Sesame. In: Kiple KF, Ornelas-Kiple CK (eds) The Cambridge World History of Food, I. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp 411–421

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2003a) Evolution of sesame revisited: domestication, diversity and prospects. Genet Resour Crop Evol 50:779–787

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2003b) Sesame in Africa: origin and dispersals. In: Neumann K, Butler A, Kahlheber S (eds) Food, Fuel and Fields - Progress in African Archaeobotany. Africa Praehistorica, Heinrich-Barth-Institute, Cologne, pp 17–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2004) History and lore of sesame in Southwest Asia. Econ Bot 58(3):329–353

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2006) Assessment of sesame and its wild relatives in Africa. In: Ghazanfar SA, Beentje HJ (eds) Taxonomy and ecology of African plants, their conservation and sustainable use. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, pp 481–491

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2007) Economic botany 61(4): 395–396. Book review: Singh RJ (ed) Oilseed crops. Genetic resources, chromosome engineering, and crop improvement vol 4. 2007. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

  • Bedigian D (2010a) Cultivated sesame, and wild relatives in the genus Sesamum L. In: Bedigian D (ed) Sesame: the genus Sesamum. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles series, Chapter 2. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2010b) Current market trends: critical issues and economic importance of sesame. In: Bedigian D (ed) Sesame: the genus Sesamum. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles series, Chapter 24. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D (2010c) Introduction and early use of sesame in America: medicine, cookery and folkways. In: Bedigian D (ed) Sesame: the genus Sesamum. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants - Industrial Profiles series, Chapter 24. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D, Harlan JR (1983) Nuba agriculture and ethnobotany, with particular reference to sesame and sorghum. Econ Bot 37:384–395

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D, Harlan JR (1986) Evidence for cultivation of sesame in the ancient world. Econ Bot 40:137–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D, Seigler DS, Harlan JR (1985) Sesamin, sesamolin and the origin of sesame. Biochem Syst Ecol 13:133–139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bedigian D, Smyth CA, Harlan JR (1986) Patterns of morphological variation in sesame. Econ Bot 40:353–365

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhat KV, Babrekar PP, Lakhanpaul S (1999) Study of genetic diversity in Indian and exotic sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. Euphytica 110:21–33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bisht IS, Bhat KV, Lakhanpaul S, Biswas BK, Pandiyan M, Hanchinal RR (2004) Broadening the genetic base of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) through germplasm enhancement. Plant Genet Resour: Charact Util 2:143–151

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobzhansky T, Ayala FJ, Stebbins GL, Valentine JW (1977) Evolution. W.H. Freeman & Co., San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • El Tinay AH, Khattab AH, Khidir MO (1976) Protein and oil composition of the sesame seed. J Am Oil Chem Soc 53:648–653

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Falusi OA (2007) Segregation of genes controlling seed colour in sesame (Sesamum indicum Linn.) from Nigeria. Afr J Biotechnol 6(24):2780–2783

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR (1951) Anatomy of gene centers. Am Nat 85:97–103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR (1970) Evolution of cultivated plants. In: Frankel OH, Bennett E (eds) Genetic resources in plants—their exploration and conservation. Aldine, Chicago, IL, pp 19–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR (1975) Geographic patterns of variation in some cultivated plants. J Hered 66:182–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR (1992) Crops and man, 2nd edn. Agronomy Society of America, Madison, WI

    Google Scholar 

  • Harlan JR, de Wet JMJ (1970) Toward a rational classification of cultivated plants. Taxon 20:509–517

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hiltebrandt VM (1932) Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Bull Appl Bot Plant Breed Ser 9(2):1–114

    Google Scholar 

  • Hiremath SC, Patil CG (1999) Genome homology and the putative progenitor of sesame. J Cytol Genet 34:69–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Ihlenfeldt HD, Grabow-Seidensticker U (1979) The genus Sesamum L. and the origin of the cultivated sesame. In: Kunkel G (ed.), Taxonomic aspects of African economic botany, pp 53–60, Proceedings of the IX Plenary Meeting of AETFAT. Excmo, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria

  • John CM, Narayana GV, Seshadri CR (1950) The wild gingelly of Malabar. Madras Agric J 37:47–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Kamal-Eldin A (1993) Seed oils of Sesamum indicum L. and some wild relatives. A compositional study of the fatty acids, acyl lipids, sterols, tocopherols and lignans. Ph D thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala

  • Katz TJ (2006) Propagation of errors in review articles. Science 313:1236 (Letters to the Editor)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kawase M (2000) Genetic relationships of the ruderal weed type and the associated weed type of Sesamum mulayanum Nair distributed in the Indian subcontinent to cultivated sesame, S. indicum L. Jpn J Tropic Agric 44:115–122

    Google Scholar 

  • Khidir MO (1962) Genetical and cytogenetical investigations on Sesamum sp. in the Sudan. M. Sc thesis, University of Khartoum Faculty of Agriculture, Shambat

  • Khidir MO (2007) Oilseed Crops in the Sudan, 2nd edn. Khartoum University Press, Khartoum (in Arabic)

    Google Scholar 

  • Khidir MO, Ali MA (1971) Genetic studies in sesame. I. Inheritance of seed coat colour. Acta Agronomica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 20(1–2):79–84

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobayashi T (1986) Goma no kita michi. (The path of sesame). Iwanami Shoten, Japan (in Japanese)

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy K, Ramakrishnan TN, Rajagopalan R (1959) The chemical composition and nutritive value of sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) and its products. Food Science 8:316–320

    Google Scholar 

  • Krishnamurthy K, Tasker PK, Ramakrishnan TN, Rajagopalan R, Swaminathan M, Subrahamanyan V (1960) Studies on the nutritive value of sesame seeds. I. The amino acid composition of the proteins and the chemical composition of white and black varieties of sesame seed and meal. Ann Biochem Exp Med 20:73–76

    Google Scholar 

  • Langham DR, Wiemers T (2002) Progress in mechanizing sesame in the US through breeding. In: Janick J, Whipkey A (eds) Trends in new crops and new uses. ASHS Press, Alexandria, VA, pp 157–173

    Google Scholar 

  • Laurentin HE, Karlovsky P (2006) Genetic relationship and diversity in a sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm collection using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). BMC Genetics 7: 10. http://ukpmc.ac.uk/articlerender.cgi?artid=537471

  • Mitra AK, Biswas AK (1983) New record of Sesamum mulayanum Nair in West Bengal. Sci Cult 49:407–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris JB (2009) Characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm regenerated in Georgia, USA. Genet Resour Crop Evol 56(7):925–936

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nair NC (1963) A new species of Sesamum Linn. from northern India. Bull Bot Surv India 5:251–253

    Google Scholar 

  • Nanthakumar G, Singh KN, Vaidyanathan P (2000) Relationships between cultivated Sesame (Sesamum sp.) and the wild relatives based on morphological characters, isozymes and RAPD markers. J Genet Breed 54:5–12

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nohara S (1933) Genetical studies on Sesamum indicum L. J Coll Agric, Tokyo Imp Univ 12:227–386

    Google Scholar 

  • Parthasarathy N, Kedharnath S (1949) The improvement of sesame crop in India. Indian J Genet Plant Breed 9:56–69

    Google Scholar 

  • Ram K (1930) Types of Sesamum indicum D.C. Studies in Indian oil seeds (4). Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India. Imp Inst Agric Res, Pusa, Calcutta 17(5):127–147

    Google Scholar 

  • Stebbins GL (1950) Variation and Evolution in Plants. Columbia University Press, NY

    Google Scholar 

  • Tashiro T, Fukuda Y, Osawa T, Namiki M (1990) Oil and minor components of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) strains. J Am Oil Chem Soc 68(8):508–511

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thangavelu S (1994) Diversity in wild and cultivated species of Sesamum and its use. In: Arora RK, Riley KW (eds) Sesame biodiversity in Asia. Conservation, evaluation and improvement. IPGRI, New Delhi, pp 13–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Vavilov NI, Dorofeev VF (1992) Origin and Geography of Cultivated Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge/New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Were BA, Onkware AO, Gudu S, Welander M, Carlsson AS (2006) Seed oil content and fatty acid composition in East African sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) accessions evaluated over 3 years. Field Crops Res 97(2/3):254–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Williams JT (1987) Publications. Techniques. FAO, plant genetic resources newsletter #70: 49–50

  • Yermanos DM, Hemstreet S, Saleeb W, Huszar CK (1972) Oil content and composition of the seed in the world collection of sesame introductions. J Am Oil Chem Soc 49(1):20–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

I am extremely grateful to Tomoko Y. Steen, evolutionary and molecular population biologist and Research Specialist, Science Reference division, Library of Congress, who translated critical passages from several of Kobayashi’s publications from Japanese, for clarification, and to Richard Olmstead, Professor of Biology and Herbarium Curator, Burke Museum, University of Washington, Seattle, who shared the results of his investigations of Pedaliaceae molecular phylogeny.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dorothea Bedigian.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bedigian, D. Characterization of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germplasm: a critique. Genet Resour Crop Evol 57, 641–647 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-010-9552-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-010-9552-x

Keywords

Navigation