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An Overview of Thunderstorm-Related Research on the Atmospheric Electric Field, Schumann Resonances, Sprites, and the Ionosphere at Sopron, Hungary

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Abstract

This paper gives a resume of the papers written in English which (a) describe some of the recording instruments in use at the Nagycenk Observatory (NCK) since the International Geophysical Year (IGY 1957–1958) and up to the present time, (b) summarise the most important and different types of observations associated with thunderstorms which have been made there, and (c) discuss their various geophysical interpretations. The paper describes the main results which have been obtained in four areas of thunderstorm associated atmospheric and geospace science within the context of Earth system science. These relate to the following parameters of atmospheric electricity: the vertical electric potential gradient just above the Earth’s surface and the air–Earth current as well as the point discharge current, Schumann resonance (SR) signals of the Earth-ionosphere cavity at 8, 14 and 20 Hz, transient luminous events (TLEs), and some aspects of the behaviour of the ionosphere. Deductions from these data sets are concerned with the global lightning activity and the conductivity of the air, with diurnal, seasonal, annual and long-term variations of the SR amplitudes and resonant frequencies in terms of migrating thunderstorm centres, with transient SR excitations and with sprites and other TLEs, and with ionospheric disturbances. The paper closes with some thoughts on future research directions based on the observations at NCK and Sopron and the results achieved since the IGY.

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Acknowledgments

These research studies were supported by the Hungarian National Science Foundation, “OTKA” with the grants: K72474, T034309, T023111, T4395 and the Hungarian Space Office (TP201, TP224) as well as the American-Hungarian Joint Fund (JF.554) and the NATO (EST.CLG.980431). Michael Rycroft is most grateful for the welcome and kind hospitality which he received when visiting the Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences of the Geodetic and Geophysical Institute in Sopron during January 2012, and to the European Science Foundation in Strasbourg, France, for financial support of this visit through the TEA-IS (Thunderstorm Effects on the Atmosphere–Ionosphere System) Research Networking Programme led by Torsten Neubert, of the Danish Space Center in Copenhagen, Denmark.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geodetic and Geophysical Institute of the Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 5, 9401, Sopron, Hungary

    Gabriella Sátori, Pál Bencze, Ferenc Märcz, József Bór, Veronika Barta, Tamás Nagy & Károly Kovács

  2. CAESAR Consultancy, 35 Millington Road, Cambridge, CB3 9HW, UK

    Michael Rycroft

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  1. Gabriella Sátori
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  2. Michael Rycroft
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  3. Pál Bencze
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  4. Ferenc Märcz
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  5. József Bór
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  6. Veronika Barta
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  7. Tamás Nagy
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  8. Károly Kovács
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Correspondence to Gabriella Sátori.

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Sátori, G., Rycroft, M., Bencze, P. et al. An Overview of Thunderstorm-Related Research on the Atmospheric Electric Field, Schumann Resonances, Sprites, and the Ionosphere at Sopron, Hungary. Surv Geophys 34, 255–292 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-013-9222-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10712-013-9222-6

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