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Kinetics of net nitrogen mineralisation from soil-applied grape residues

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Abstract

In viticulture, the long-term balance of organic matter in vineyard soil is often only ensured by the annual recycling of grape residues. The decay of soil-applied grape pomace contributes to a slow but steady input of nitrogen (N). This input path is commonly neglected in the annual fertiliser recommendation because little is known about N mineralisation from grape residues. In order to parameterise a simulation model to describe this process, a multi-temperature (4°C, 20°C, 28°C and 36°C) 14-month laboratory incubation experiment at constant moisture level was performed with residues from both hand-picked (complete clusters) and machine-harvested (destemmed) grapes applied to three different vineyard soils (7, 13 and 24% clay). 15.9 ± 5.8% of the total N of the pomace made from hand-picked grapes was released on average from a slowly decomposing pool (half-life t50 = 1,119 d at 10°C), while 24.0 ± 8.2% of the total N was estimated to be released from the same pool of destemmed grape pomace (t50 = 1,227 d). A rapidly decomposing pool could not be determined. Rapid decomposition was presumably inhibited due to the high content of polyphenol in the pomace, causing a temperature-dependent delay. The net N mineralisation of complete grape cluster residues was retarded for 12.4 days (10°C) on average, whereas destemmed grapes started to release N on average 5.5 days (10°C) later than the control soil. The inhibitory effect was much smaller at higher temperatures. A suitable approach that takes this effect into consideration in a model is presented.

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Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge the competent laboratory work of M. Schreieck (Stanford incubation) and A. Brucker (polyphenol analysis). The research was funded by the German Viticulture Research Group (Forschungsring Deutscher Weinbau).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Modeling and Knowledge Transfer, Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Theodor-Echtermeyer-Weg 1, 14979, Großbeeren, Germany

    C. Nendel

  2. Institute for Agro-Ecology, RLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67152, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Germany

    S. Reuter

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  1. C. Nendel
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  2. S. Reuter
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Correspondence to C. Nendel.

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Nendel, C., Reuter, S. Kinetics of net nitrogen mineralisation from soil-applied grape residues. Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst 79, 233–241 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10705-007-9110-x

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