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Dietary supplementations of methionine improve growth performances, innate immunity, digestive enzymes, and antioxidant activities of rohu (Labeo rohita)

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Abstract

The dietary composition of fish constitutes numerous immune and growth-promoting substance; during the current study, methionine was amended in the diet of Labeo rohita (L. rohita), in order to appraise the diverse modulatory effects of methionine supplementation. Fish were grouped into three on the basis of methionine as methionine supplemented group 1 (MSG1), methionine supplemented group 2 (MSG2), and CTRL (control group). We assessed the effects of methionine at the end. Captivating results were obtained from the methionine supplementing groups. The results depict significantly high (p < 0.05) innate immunity parameters, including myeloperoxidase, IgG concentrations, lysozyme, respiratory burst, and total bacteriolytic activity of complement in MSG2. Furthermore, ameliorate growth performances were also noticed such as high weight gain, FCE%, and body length in MSG2, respectively. We also measured high level of antioxidant digestive enzymes, gut length, and survival rate in MSG2 compared to the rest of the groups. The results were further validated by measuring the stress parameters, such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), glucose, and hematocrit (HCT%), and the concentration remains low in MSG2. Lastly, after 90 days, fish were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila, the highest survival was observed in the MSG2 and MSG1 compared to CTRL. These results ultimately give the baseline to the credible effects of methionine on L. rohita.

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Acknowledgements

We extend our special thanks to Riaz Ali for the critical review and also thanks full to Mr. Imran for helping in the analysis of different parameters.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-Resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou, 510301, People’s Republic of China

    Zohaib Noor

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

    Zohaib Noor

  3. Department of Zoology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Mannal Noor & Zaigham Hassan

  4. Higher Education Department of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Government Degree College Khwaza Khela, Swat, Pakistan

    Syed Allauddin Khan

  5. Aquaculture and Fisheries Laboratory, Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Waqar Younas

  6. Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Evolution, Chengdu Institute of Biology, CAS, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China

    Daniya Ualiyeva

  7. Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan

    Ali Muhammad Yousafzai

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  1. Zohaib Noor
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  2. Mannal Noor
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  4. Waqar Younas
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  5. Daniya Ualiyeva
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  6. Zaigham Hassan
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  7. Ali Muhammad Yousafzai
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Contributions

Zohaib Noor successfully conducted the trial and compiled the data; Syed Allauddin Khan analyzed the data; Mannal Noor, Waqar Younas, and Daniya monitored the experiment and performed immunological assays; and Ali Muhammad and Zaigham Hassan approved the final version.

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Correspondence to Zohaib Noor.

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The present study is successfully executed without any funding source of organization or institutions and thus declare no conflict of interest.

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Highlights

• Methionine supplementations have robust effects on the immunological indices of fish.

• Increasing feed additives, i.e., methionine, can improve growth rate and digestive enzyme activities.

• Methionine additions in the diet substantially improved the resistance of L. rohita against Aeromonas hydrophila.

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Noor, Z., Noor, M., Khan, S.A. et al. Dietary supplementations of methionine improve growth performances, innate immunity, digestive enzymes, and antioxidant activities of rohu (Labeo rohita). Fish Physiol Biochem 47, 451–464 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-021-00924-x

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