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An evaluation of mixed plant protein in the diet of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio): growth, body composition, biochemical parameters, and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1

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Abstract

The aim of this work is to evaluate the effects of dietary inclusion of mixed plant protein (MP) (rapeseed meal:cottonseed meal:peanut meal = 1:1:1) on growth, body composition, blood biochemical parameters, growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1, and relative non-specific immune response in Yellow River carp Cyprinus carpio. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic trial diets were formulated to replace fish meal at 0 (MP0, control), 25% (MP25), 50% (MP50), 75% (MP75), and 100% (MP100) mixed plant protein, respectively. The 25% mixed plant protein did not affect the weight gain, specific growth rate, and protein efficiency ratio, whereas these parameters were depressed by 50% and above mixed plant protein. The whole body protein content gradually decreased with increasing dietary MP; meanwhile, the whole body lipid content is the opposite. The MP75 and MP100 diets adversely affected the glucose level, total cholesterol value, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase activity of serum. Fish fed MP75 and MP100 diets showed higher growth hormone level than that of MP0 diet; however, the insulin-like growth factor 1 level got the opposite result. The 50% and above inclusion of MP decreased lysozyme activity and increased malondialdehyde content. In conclusion, no more than 50% of fish meal could be replaced by mixed plant protein in diet. However, 50% and above inclusion of mixed plant protein in diet could depress the growth, insulin-like growth factor 1 level, and non-specific immune response, and significantly affect the whole body composition and serum biochemical parameters in Yellow River carp.

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Funding

This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31472288) to Jiting Wang, Shandong Science and Technology Development Plan Project to Jiting Wang (Grant No. 2014GGH210010), and Funds of Shandong “Double Tops” Program.

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  1. Mengmeng Xu and Tingting Wang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Lab of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Environmental Health, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong Province, China

    Mengmeng Xu, Tingting Wang, Jiting Wang, Zhen Wang, Dongyan Guan & Huiwen Sun

  2. Department of Basic Medicine, Taishan Medical University, 2 Yingsheng East Road, Tai’an, Shandong Province, Tai’an, 271018, Shandong Province, China

    Wenju Wan

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  1. Mengmeng Xu
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Xu, M., Wang, T., Wang, J. et al. An evaluation of mixed plant protein in the diet of Yellow River carp (Cyprinus carpio): growth, body composition, biochemical parameters, and growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor 1. Fish Physiol Biochem 45, 1331–1342 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-019-00641-6

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