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Effect of dietary incorporation of a multi-strain probiotic on growth performance and health status in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

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Abstract

Dietary supplementation with a multi-strain probiotic containing Bacillus subtilis, Enterococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici and Lactobacillus reuteri has been examined for its effects on growth performance, intestinal microbiota, non-specific immune response and antioxidant status of rainbow trout. Three groups of sub-adult trout were stocked into experimental tanks. A commercial diet was used as control, while the other two groups received diets supplemented with the multi-strain probiotic at levels of 1 and 5 g kg−1 diet. The fish were fed to apparent satiation three times daily for 8 weeks. Dietary probiotic at 1 g kg−1 diet improved (P < 0.05) growth and feed efficiency compared to control diet. Lactic acid bacteria loads were higher in probiotic fed fish at both inclusion levels compared to control; however, Enterobacteriaceae, Coliforms and Aeromonas spp. were similar between groups. Dietary probiotics decreased (P < 0.05) malondialdehyde formation on day 0 compared to control fish but not on day 5 of storage. Probiotics also increased (P < 0.05) the activity of glutathione-based enzymes. Serum lysozyme levels were similar among dietary treatments. Probiotic supplementation at 1 g kg−1 diet reduced serum nitric oxide levels compared to control. In conclusion, dietary probiotics at the level of 1 g kg−1 of diet exerted both a growth promoting and antioxidant protective activity.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge Biomin GmbH, Herzogenburg, Austria, for donation of probiotic products and Messieurs J. and A. Missas for trout donation.

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Correspondence to Ilias Giannenas.

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Giannenas, I., Karamaligas, I., Margaroni, M. et al. Effect of dietary incorporation of a multi-strain probiotic on growth performance and health status in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiol Biochem 41, 119–128 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-014-0010-0

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