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Use of four Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates of different aggressiveness, three inoculations per plant, and delayed multiple evaluations to select common beans with high levels of white mold resistance

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Abstract

White mold is a severe disease of common bean worldwide. Partial resistance occurs in the primary and secondary gene pools. Factors essential for identifying high levels of resistance that is effective throughout the growing season are not known. Our objectives were to determine which factors are most essential for identifying high levels of resistance including: (i) pathogen isolates screened, (ii) inoculations/plant, (iii) evaluation dates, (iv) area under disease progress curve (AUDPC), and (v) the SCAR markers linked with WM2.2, WM6.1, WM7.1, WM7.3, and WM8.3 resistance QTL. Thirty-one genotypes were inoculated one to three times/plant with ARS12D and ND710 isolates in the greenhouse in Idaho, and CO467 and NY133 in Colorado. Evaluations were made from 7 to 35 days post-inoculation. Disease severity and AUDPC increased until 21 days in Colorado and 35 days in Idaho. Correlations were positive among isolates at each evaluation date. The presence or absence of white mold resistance QTL was not indicative of resistance response. ‘Othello’ was susceptible to all isolates with one inoculation, and VC13-5 was resistant to three isolates and intermediate to ND710 after three inoculations per plant; both of these genotypes lacked the five resistance QTL. SE155-9 with WM2.2, WM7.1, and WM8.3 QTL was resistant to CO467 and NY133. However, SE152-6 with the same QTL was resistant and possessed lower AUDPC values to all isolates after three inoculations. Thus, screening with four isolates, three inoculations/plant, and disease evaluations delayed until 21 days or longer helped identify genotypes with high levels of broad-spectrum resistance.

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Abbreviations

AUDPC:

Area under the disease progress curve

BL:

Breeding line or lines

QTL:

Quantitative trait locus or loci

SCAR:

Sequence characterized amplified region

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Acknowledgments

This research was partially supported by the USDA-ARS National Sclerotinia Initiative Grants No. 58-5442-7-228 and 058-5442-8-235 “Gamete Selection for Simultaneously Pyramiding and Introgressing White Mold Resistance from Phaseolus Species into Pinto Bean” in 2009 and 2010. The authors also gratefully acknowledge complementary support from the Idaho and Colorado Agricultural Experiment Stations, and thank Dr. Mark Brick for reviewing the manuscript and his valuable comments, and Carlos Centeno for assisting in the greenhouse and laboratory work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Plant, Soil and Entomological Sciences Department, Kimberly Research & Extension Center, University of Idaho, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID, 83341-5076, USA

    Diego M. Viteri & Shree P. Singh

  2. Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, 80523-1177, USA

    Kristen Otto & Howard F. Schwartz

  3. DuPont Pioneer, Salinas, PR, 00751, USA

    Henry Terán

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  1. Diego M. Viteri
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  2. Kristen Otto
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  3. Henry Terán
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  4. Howard F. Schwartz
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  5. Shree P. Singh
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Correspondence to Diego M. Viteri.

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Viteri, D.M., Otto, K., Terán, H. et al. Use of four Sclerotinia sclerotiorum isolates of different aggressiveness, three inoculations per plant, and delayed multiple evaluations to select common beans with high levels of white mold resistance. Euphytica 204, 457–472 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1366-7

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