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Inferring tropical popcorn gene pools based on molecular and phenotypic data

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Abstract

Studies on tropical popcorn (Zea mays L. ssp. mays) gene pools are still scarce. The objective of this study was to infer tropical popcorn gene pools by employing molecular and phenotypic information. Forty-eight inbred lines and 140 individuals belonging to the Viçosa and Beija-Flor popcorn populations were genotyped using 90 simple sequence repeat (SSR) and 93 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, respectively. Grain yield and expansion volume were analyzed for the inbred lines and the hybrids obtained from intra- and interpopulation diallels. The cluster analysis based on SSR markers grouped 46 inbred lines into two groups according to their origin population. Principal coordinate and population structure analyses based on SSR and SNP markers confirmed the results from the clustering. For grain yield, midparent heterosis was greater in the interpopulation hybrids than in the intrapopulation hybrids. The genetic distance did not correlate with the specific combining ability effects and showed a week to intermediate correlation with hybrid performance and midparent heterosis. Based on the results from clustering, population structure, genetic diversity, heterosis and diallel analyses, Viçosa and Beija-Flor populations belong to distinct gene pools. Furthermore, inferring tropical popcorn gene pools might be more efficient if molecular marker and phenotypic data are combined.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the Foundation for Research Support of Minas Gerais State (Fapemig), the Brazilian Federal Agency for Support and Evaluation of Graduate Education (Capes) and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Biology, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Gabriel Borges Mundim, José Marcelo Soriano Viana, Ciro Maia, Geísa Pinheiro Paes & Mágno Sávio Ferreira Valente

  2. Department of Plant Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil

    Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima

Authors
  1. Gabriel Borges Mundim
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  2. José Marcelo Soriano Viana
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  3. Ciro Maia
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  4. Geísa Pinheiro Paes
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  5. Rodrigo Oliveira DeLima
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  6. Mágno Sávio Ferreira Valente
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to José Marcelo Soriano Viana.

Appendix

Appendix

  • BLUP analysis, partial diallel # title line

  • env 8 # environments

  • blo 3 # blocks

  • gv 11 !i !sort # general combining ability effects of Viçosa inbreds

  • gbf 12 !i !sort # general combining ability effects of Beija-Flor inbreds

  • sca 102 !i !sort # SCA effects

  • ev # expansion volume

  • gy # grain yield

  • s # s—60 # final stand—ideal stand

  • m # m—14.5 # grain moisture—14.5

  • Av.grm # additive relationship matrix for Viçosa inbreds

  • Abf.grm # additive relationship matrix for Beija-Flor inbreds

  • D.grm # dominance relationship matrix

  • vxbf.asd # data file

  • !maxit 100 # maximum number of iterations

  • ev ~ mu env env.blo !r giv(gv,1) 1 giv(gbf,2) 1 giv(sca,3) 1 gv.env gbf.env sca.env !f mv

  • #gy ~ mu env env.blo s m !r giv(gv,1) 1 giv(gbf,2) 1 giv(sca,3) 1 gv.env gbf.env sca.env !f mv

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Mundim, G.B., Viana, J.M.S., Maia, C. et al. Inferring tropical popcorn gene pools based on molecular and phenotypic data. Euphytica 202, 55–68 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1211-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-014-1211-4

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