Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Degradation of three fungicides following application on strawberry and a risk assessment of their toxicity under greenhouse conditions

  • Published:
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The health risk to humans of pesticide application on minor crops, such as strawberry, requires quantification. Here, the dissipation and residual levels of three fungicides (pyraclostrobin, myclobutanil, and difenoconazole) were studied for strawberry under greenhouse conditions using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-tandem mass spectrometry after Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe extraction. This method was validated using blank samples, with all mean recoveries of these three fungicides exceeding 80 %. The residues of all three fungicides dissipated following first-order kinetics. The half-lives of pyraclostrobin, myclobutanil, and difenoconazole were 1.69, 3.30, and 3.65 days following one time application and 1.73, 5.78, and 6.30 days following two times applications, respectively. Fungicide residue was determined by comparing the estimated daily intake of the three fungicides against the acceptable daily intake. The results indicate that the potential health risk of the three fungicides was not significant in strawberry when following good agricultural practices (GAP) under greenhouse conditions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Athanasopoulos, P. E., Pappas, C. J., & Kyriakidis, N. V. (2003). Decomposition of myclobutanil and triadimefon in grapes on the vines and during refrigerated storage. Food Chemistry, 82, 367–371.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chun, O. K., & Kang, H. G. (2003). Estimation of risks of pesticide exposure by food intake, to Koreans. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 41, 1063–1076.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FAO/WHO (1992). Pesticide residues in food and feed. (Maximum Residue Limits for Myclobutanil). http://www.codexalimentarius.net/pestres/data/pesticides/details.html?id=181.

  • FAO/WHO (2003). Pesticide residues in food and feed. (Maximum Residue Limits for Pyraclostrobin). http://www.codexalimentarius.net/pestres/data/pesticides/details.html?id=210.

  • FAO/WHO (2007). pesticide residues in food and feed. (Maximum Residue Limits for Difenoconazole). http://www.codexalimentarius.net/pestres/data/pesticides/details.html?id=224.

  • Liu, Y., Sun, H., Liu, F., & Wang, S. (2012). Dissipation and residue of myclobutanil in lychee. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88, 902–905.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moshe, R., & Dimitri, S. (2002). Effects of azoxytrobin, difenoconazole, polyoxin B (polar) and trifloxysrobin on germination and growth of Alternaria alternata and decay in red delicious apple fruit. Crop Protection, 21, 951–955.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SANCO/12495/2011 (2011). Method validation and quality control procedures for pesticide residue analysis in food and feed. http://ec.europa.eu/food/plant/protection/pesticides/docs/qualcontrol_en.pdf(last accessed April 2003).

  • Wang, L.D. (2005). Dietary intake of residents of the country in 2002 (Eds.), China nutrition investigation report and health status of residents in 2002 (pp. 18–24). Beijing: People’s Medical Publishing House.

  • Wang, K., Wu, J. X., & Zhang, H. Y. (2012). Dissipation of difenoconazole in rice, paddy soil, and paddy water under field conditions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 86, 111–115.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • You, X., Liu, C., Liu, Y., & Dong, J. (2012). Dissipation of pyraclostrobin and its metabolite BF-500-3 in maize under field conditions. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 80, 252–257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, F., Wang, L., Zhou, L., Wu, D., Pan, H., & Pan, C. (2012). Residue dynamics of pyraclostrobin in peanut and field soil by QuEChERS and LC-MS/MS. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 78, 116–122.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant No. 201303088).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Plant Pest Control, MOA Key Lab for Pesticide Residue Detection, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 198# Shiqiao Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China

    Caixia Sun, Tao Cang, Zhiwei Wang, Xinquan Wang, Ruixian Yu, Qiang Wang & Xueping Zhao

Authors
  1. Caixia Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tao Cang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zhiwei Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Xinquan Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Ruixian Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Qiang Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Xueping Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xueping Zhao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sun, C., Cang, T., Wang, Z. et al. Degradation of three fungicides following application on strawberry and a risk assessment of their toxicity under greenhouse conditions. Environ Monit Assess 187, 303 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4539-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-015-4539-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation