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Improving Salmonella determination in Sinaloa rivers with ultrafiltration and most probable number methods

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Abstract

Monitoring of waterborne pathogens is improved by using concentration methods prior to detection; however, direct microbial enumeration is desired to study microbial ecology and human health risks. The aim of this work was to determine Salmonella presence in river water with an ultrafiltration system coupled with the ISO 6579:1993 isolation standard method (UFS-ISO). Most probable number (MPN) method was used directly in water samples to estimate Salmonella populations. Additionally, the effect between Salmonella determination and water turbidity was evaluated. Ten liters or three tenfold dilutions (1, 0.1, and 0.01 mL) of water were processed for Salmonella detection and estimation by the UFS-ISO and MPN methods, respectively. A total of 84 water samples were tested, and Salmonella was confirmed in 64/84 (76%) and 38/84 (44%) when UFS-ISO and MPN were used, respectively. Salmonella populations were less than 5 × 103 MPN/L in 73/84 of samples evaluated (87%), and only three (3.5%) showed contamination with numbers greater than 4.5 × 104 MPN/L. Water turbidity did not affect Salmonella determination regardless of the performed method. These findings suggest that Salmonella abundance in Sinaloa rivers is not a health risk for human infections in spite of its persistence. Thus, choosing the appropriate strategy to study Salmonella in river water samples is necessary to clarify its behavior and transport in the environment.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fondos Mixtos de Fomento a la Investigación Científica CONACYT 2008–01:99609 Sinaloa. The authors thank Célida Martínez, Gabriela Gaxiola, and Jorge Manjarrez for their technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Investigacion en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Culiacan, Mexico

    Maribel Jimenez & Cristobal Chaidez

  2. Food and Environmental Microbiology Lab., CIAD, Carretera a Eldorado km. 5.5, Culiacan, Mexico, 80110

    Cristobal Chaidez

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  1. Maribel Jimenez
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  2. Cristobal Chaidez
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Correspondence to Cristobal Chaidez.

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Jimenez, M., Chaidez, C. Improving Salmonella determination in Sinaloa rivers with ultrafiltration and most probable number methods. Environ Monit Assess 184, 4271–4277 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2262-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2262-9

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