Abstract
Parasitic weed occurrence in Jordan was surveyed during the period from 2004 to 2009. Results revealed the presence of seven genera attacking 85 woody plant species belong to 33 botanical families. Parasitic genera were Cuscuta, Orobanche, Cistanche, Plicosepalus, Viscum, Osyris and Cynomorium. Among the most severely parasitized species were Citrus spp., Olea europaea, Vitis vinifera, and Ziziphus spina-christi by Cuscuta monogyna; Amygdalus communis and O. europaea by Orobanche cernua, Orobanche palaestina and Orobanche schultzii,; A. communis, Cupressus sempervirens, O. europaea and V. vinifera by Osyris alba; Casuarina equisetifolia and Haloxylon persicum by Cistanche spp.; Acacia asak, Acacia cyanophylla, Acacia farnesiana, Acacia nilotica, C. equisetifolia, Ficus carica, Melia azedarach, Parkinsonia aculeata, Poinciana gilliesii, Retama raetam, Tamarix pentandra and Ziziphus spp. by Plicosepalus acaciae; A. communis, Crataegus azarolus, O. europaea, P. granatum, R. raetam, and Rhamnus palaestina by Viscum cruciatum; and H. persicum by Cynomorium coccineum. Many of the host species are first time reported while O. schultzii was the first record parasitizing woody plants.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abu-Irmaileh, B. E. (1979). Occurrence of parasitic flowering plants in Jordan. Plant Disease Reporter, 63, 1025–1028.
Abu-Irmaileh, B. E. (1982). Weeds of Jordan (p. 433). Amman: The University of Jordan Publications.
Al-Khesraji, T.O., Abdel Wahib, A.U. & Annon, M.R. (1987). Insect pests attacking parasitic flowering plants in the southern desert of Iraq. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences “Zanco”, 5, 197–216.
Edgecombe, W. S. (1970). Weeds of Lebanon. Beirut: AUB.
Green, A. K., Ward, D., & Griffiths, M. E. (2009). Directed dispersal of mistletoe (Plicosepalus acaciae) by Yellow-vented Bulbuls (Pycnonotus xanthopygos). J. Omithol, 150, 167–173.
Linke, K. H., Sauerborn, J., & Saxena, M. (1996). A field guide to orobanche identification (p. 44). Syria: ICARDA, Aleppo. in Arabic.
Marwat, K. B., Marwat, G. R., & Sarim, F. M. (1993). A checklist and key to parasitic weeds of Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Weed Science Research, 6, 1–15.
Musselman, L. J. (1998). Checklist of plants of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Old Dominion University. At: http://www.odu.edu/~lmusselm/plant/jordan/index.php
Nilson, C. H., & Svensson, B. M. (1997). Host affiliation in two subarctic hemiparasitic plants, Bartsia alpina and Pedicularis lapponica. Ecoscience, 4, 80–85.
Parker, C., & Riches, C. R. (1993). Parasitic weeds of the world. Biology and control. Wallingford: CAB International.
Post, G. E. (1932). Flora of Syria, Palestine and Sinai, volume 1 & 2nd ed. Revised by John Edward Dinsmore.. Beirut: American Press.
Press, M. C., & Phoenix, G. K. (2005). Impacts of parasitic plants on natural communities. The New Phytologist, 166, 737–751.
Qasem, J. R. (2003). Weeds and their control (p. 628). Amman: University of Jordan Publications.
Qasem, J. R. (2006). Recent advances in parasitic weed research, an overview. In H. P. Singh, D. R. Patish, & R. K. Kohli (Eds.), Weed management handbook (pp. 627–728). Binghamton: The Haworth Press.
Westbury, D. B. (2004). Biological flora of the British Isles. Rhinanthus minor on the composition and productivity of created swards on ex-arable land. Aspects of Applied Biology, 58, 271–278.
Acknowledgments
I express deep gratitude to the Deanship of Academic Research, University of Jordan for funding this project and Mr. M. Al-Abadi for partial assistance in field trips.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Qasem, J.R. Parasitic flowering plants of woody species in Jordan. Eur J Plant Pathol 131, 143–155 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9794-2
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-011-9794-2