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Temporal trends of esophageal cancer during 1995–2004 in Nanao Island, an extremely high-risk area in China

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Abstract

The purpose of our study was to investigate the temporal malignant tumor incidence rates among the 70,000 residents at the relatively isolated Nanao Island in South China Sea. The data on all malignant tumor cases from Nanao Cancer Registry during 1995–2004 were coded, computerized, and analyzed using the software SPSS10.0. The tumor incident cases, crude incident rate, age-standardized incidence rate, their sex distribution and temporal trend were assessed. A total of 1450 new cancer cases (990 males and 460 females) were identified. The annual average age-standardized incidence rate (ASR) of malignant tumors was 208.18/100,000. The age-standardized incidence rate of the ten leading cancers in both sexes combined per 100,000 population were 74.47 for esophageal cancer (EC), 34.81 for cardiac cancer (CC), 25.66 for liver cancer, 26.01 for lung cancer, 18.52 for stomach cancer, 4.45 for nasopharyngeal cancer, 3.91 for breast cancer, 2.53 for colon/rectum cancer, 2.45 for bladder cancer and 1.92 for pancreatic cancer. These ten types of cancers make up to 93% of all cancer cases, with EC and CC being the most prevalent and making up 52% of the total cases. The incidence rates of esophagus, liver, lung, breast, nasopharyngeal, and colon/rectum cancers showed increasing trends during the period from 1995 to 2004 in Nanao Island. Astounding the EC ASR were 72–150/100,000 among male and 26–64/100,000 among female in Nanao Island during 1995–2004. The EC incidence rate in Nanao population is among the highest across the world, which suggests that there are potential genetic and/or environmental factors affecting this particular population.

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Abbreviations

EC:

esophageal cancer

CC:

cardiac cancer

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Prof. Chen Wei-San, Public Health Department, Shantou University Medical College, for sharing his experiences in investigating cancers. We also thank Prof. Bruce A.J. Ponder, Hutchison/MRC Research Centre, MRC Cancer Cell Unit and University of Cambridge, for his invaluable suggestions, and Dr. Xie Liang-Xi, Lu Shan-Min, Li Chun, Huang Wen-Juan, Shen Xiu-Na in Shantou University Medical College; Lan Zhong-Liang, Fu Yang-Xian, Hu Wen-Xin in the Board of Health in Nanao county for their help in this study. The Natural Science Foundation of China, No.30210103904, Key Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China, No.A1080203, Development Foundation of Shantou University, and Sir Li Ka-Shing Foundation.

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Su, M., Liu, M., Tian, DP. et al. Temporal trends of esophageal cancer during 1995–2004 in Nanao Island, an extremely high-risk area in China. Eur J Epidemiol 22, 43–48 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-006-9086-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-006-9086-x

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