Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Dynamic Testing of Wholesale Power Market Designs: An Open-Source Agent-Based Framework

  • Published:
Computational Economics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In April 2003 the U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission proposed a complicated market design—the Wholesale Power Market Platform (WPMP)—for common adoption by all US wholesale power markets. Versions of the WPMP have been implemented in New England, New York, the mid-Atlantic states, the Midwest, the Southwest, and California. Strong opposition to the WPMP persists among some industry stakeholders, however, due largely to a perceived lack of adequate performance testing. This study reports on the model development and open-source implementation (in Java) of a computational wholesale power market organized in accordance with core WPMP features and operating over a realistically rendered transmission grid. The traders within this market model are strategic profit-seeking agents whose learning behaviors are based on data from human-subject experiments. Our key experimental focus is the complex interplay among structural conditions, market protocols, and learning behaviors in relation to short-term and longer-term market performance. Findings for a dynamic 5-node transmission grid test case are presented for concrete illustration.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amin, Massoud (2004). Balancing market priorities with security issues. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, July/August, pp. 30–38.

  • Axelrod, Robert, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006). A guide for newcomers to agent-based modeling in the social sciences. In Leigh Tesfatsion & Kenneth L. Judd (Eds.), op. cit.. Available: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/abmread.htm.

  • Barreteau, Olivier (2003). Our companion modeling approach. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 6(1) (electronic), http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/6/2/1.html.

  • Borenstein Soren (2002). The trouble with electricity markets: Understanding California’s restructuring disaster. Journal of Economic Perspectives 16(1): 191–211

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bower John, and Bunn Derek (2001). Experimental analysis of the efficiency of uniform-price versus discriminatory auctions in the England and Wales electricity market. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control 25(3–4): 561–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cain, Mary B., & Alvarado, Fernando L. (2004). Implications of cost and bid format on electricity market studies: Linear versus quadratic costs. In Proceedings, Large engineering systems conference on power engineering, Halifax, Canada, July 2004.

  • Conzelmann, Guenter, North, Michael J., Boyd, Gale A., Cirillo, Richard R., Koritarov, Vladimir, Macal, Charles M., Thimmapuram, Prakash R., & Veselka, Thomas D. (2004). Simulating strategic market behavior using an agent-based modeling approach. In Proceedings, 6th IAEE European Conference, Zurich, Switzerland.

  • Davidson, Euan M., & McArthur, Steven D. J. (2005). Concepts and approaches in multi-agent systems for power applications. In Proceedings, Intelligent system applications in power (ISAP) conference, Washington D.C., November 2005, pp. 391–395.

  • Erev Ido, Roth Alvin E. (1998). Predicting how people play games with unique mixed-strategy equilibria. American Economic Review 88, 848–881

    Google Scholar 

  • FERC (2003). Notice of white paper. U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, April.

  • FERC (2007). Report to congress on competition in the wholesale and retail markets for electric energy. U.S. Federal Energy Regulatory Commission, Accessed: May 2007. Available: http://www.ferc.gov/legal/maj-ord-reg/fed-sta/ene-pol-act/epact-final-rpt.pdf.

  • Gieseler, Charles J. (2005). A Java reinforcement learning module for the Repast toolkit: Facilitating study and experimentation with reinforcement learning in social science multi-agent simulations. M.S. Thesis, Computer Science, Iowa State University.

  • ISO-NE (2007). Home Page, ISO New England, Inc. Available: http://www.iso-ne.com/smd/.

  • Joskow Paul (2006). Markets for power in the United States: An interim assessment. Energy Journal 27(1): 1–36

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirschen, Daniel S., & Strbac, Goran (2004). Fundamentals of power system economics. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  • Koesrindartoto, Deddy (2002). A discrete double auction with artificial adaptive agents: A case study of an electricity market using a double-auction simulator. Economics Working Paper No. 02005, Department of Economics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA.

  • Koesrindartoto, Deddy, Sun, Junjie, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2005). An agent-based computational laboratory for testing the economic reliability of wholesale power market designs. Proceedings, Vol. 1, IEEE power engineering society general meeting, San Francisco, CA, June, pp. 931–936.

  • Lally, John (2002). Financial transmission rights: Auction example, Section 6, M-06 Financial Transmission Right Draft 01-10-02, ISO New England, Inc., January.

  • Mazza, Patrick (2003). The smart energy network: Electricity’s third great revolution, Report prepared for Climate Solutions, Olympia, WA, June 2003. Accessed May 2007: http://www.climatesolutions.org/pubs/pdfs/SmartEnergy.pdf.

  • McCalley, James, Ryan, Sarah, Sapp, Stephen, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2005). Decision models for bulk energy transportation networks, Division of Electrical and Communication Systems, National Science Foundation Grant No. 0527460, 3/15/05–3/14/08.

  • MISO (2007). Home Page, Midwest ISO, Inc. Available: http://www.midwestiso.org/.

  • Mount, Timothy D. (2000). Strategic behavior in spot markets for electricity when load is stochastic. In Proceedings, 33rd Hawaii international conference on systems science.

  • Nicolaisen James, Petrov Valentin, Tesfatsion Leigh (2001). Market power and efficiency in a computational electricity market with discriminatory double-auction pricing. IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation 5(5): 504–523

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roth Alvin E., Erev Ido (1995). Learning in extensive form games: Experimental data and simple dynamic models in the intermediate term. Games and Economic Behavior 8, 164–212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shahidehpour, Mohammad, Yamin, Hatim, Li, Zuyi (2002). Market operations in electric power systems. NY: IEEE/Wiley-Interscience, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

  • Sun, Junjie (2006). U.S. financial transmission rights: Theory and practice. Economics Working Paper No. 05008, Economics Department, Iowa State University.

  • Sun, Junjie, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006). DC optimal power flow formulation and solution using QuadProgJ, ISU Economics Working Paper No. 06014. Available: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/DC-OPF.JSLT.pdf.

  • Sun, Junjie, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2007a). Dynamic testing of wholesale power market designs: An open-source agent-based framework. Economics Working Paper No. 06025, Economics Department, Iowa State University, Revised April 2007. Available: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/DynTestAME.JSLT.pdf.

  • Sun, Junjie, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2007b). Open-source software for power industry research, teaching, and training: A DC-OPF illustration. In Proceedings, IEEE power engineering society general meeting, Tampa, Florida, June 2007.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006a). ACE research area: Restructured electricity markets. Website available at http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/aelect.htm.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006b). Website on agent-based computational economics (ACE). Available: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/ace.htm.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006c). Website on empirical validation of agent-based computational models. Website available at http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/EmpValid.htm.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006d). RepastJ: A software toolkit for agent-based social science modeling. Website available at http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/repastsg.htm.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006e). General software and toolkits: Agent-based computational economics. Website available at http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/acecode.htm.

  • Tesfatsion, Leigh, & Judd, Kenneth L., (Eds.), (2006). Handbook of computational economics, Vol. 2: Agent-based computational economics, Handbooks in Economics Series. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: North-Holland, Elsevier.

  • Veit, Daniel, Weidlich, Anke, Yao, Jian, & Oren, Shmuel (2006). Simulating the dynamics in two-settlement electricity markets via an agent-based approach. International Journal of Management Science and Engineering Management, 1(2), 83–97. Available: http://worldacademicunion.com/journal/MSEM/msemvol1no2paper01.pdf.

  • Weisfeld Matt (2003). The object-oriented thought process, (2nd ed). USA Indiana, SAMS, MacMillan

    Google Scholar 

  • Widergren, Steven, Roop, Joseph M., Guttromson, R. T., & Huang, Z. (2004). Simulating the dynamic coupling of market and physical system operations. In Proceedings, 2004 IEEE PES general meeting. Denver, Colorado. Available: http://gridwise.pnl.gov/docs/pnnl40415.pdf.

  • Widergren, Steven, Sun, Junjie, & Tesfatsion, Leigh (2006). Market design test environments. In Proceedings, IEEE power engineering society. Montreal, June 2006. Available: http://www.econ.iastate.edu/tesfatsi/MDTestEnvironment.2006IEEEPES.pdf.

  • Wilson, Robert (2002, July). Architecture of power markets. Econometrica, 70(4), 1299–1340.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windrum, Paul, Fagiolo, Giorgio, & Moneta, Alessio (2007). Empirical validation of agent-based models: Alternatives and prospects. Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation, 10(2,8). Available: http://jasss.soc.surrey.ac.uk/10/2/8.html.

  • Wolfram Catherine D. (1999). Electricity markets: Should the rest of the world adopt the United Kingdom’s reforms?. Regulation 22(4): 48–53

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Junjie Sun.

Additional information

This article is an abridged version of Sun and Tesfatsion ST07a

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sun, J., Tesfatsion, L. Dynamic Testing of Wholesale Power Market Designs: An Open-Source Agent-Based Framework. Comput Econ 30, 291–327 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-007-9095-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10614-007-9095-1

Keywords

JEL codes

Navigation