Abstract
In the present work, using in situ hybridization, we studied the expression patterns of three molluscan homologs of vertebrate immediate-early genes C/EBP, c-Fos, and c-Jun in the central nervous system (CNS) of terrestrial gastropod snail Helix. The molluscan C/EBP gene was described in literature, while c-Fos and c-Jun were studied in terrestrial snails for the first time. Localization of the expression was traced in normal conditions, and in preparations physiologically activated using stimulation of suboesophageal ganglia nerves. No expression was detected constitutively. In stimulated preparations, all three genes had individual expression patterns in Helix CNS, and the level of expression was stimulus-dependent. The number of cells expressing the gene of interest was different from the number of cells projecting to the stimulated nerve, and thus activated retrogradely. This difference depended on the ganglia studied. At the subcellular level, the labeled RNA was observed as dots (probably small clusters of RNA molecules) and shapeless mass of RNA, often seen as a circle at the internal border of the cell nuclei. The data provide a basis for further study of behavioral role of these putative immediate-early genes in snail behavior and learning.
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Acknowledgements
This study was partially supported by grant from Russian Foundation for Basic Research # 18-015-00288, electrophysiological experiments were supported by RSF Grant 19-75-10067, and funds within the state assignment of Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation for 2019–2021 (No. AAAA-A17-117092040002-6).
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MVR made the electrophysiological experiments, VNI made the morphological experiments, and PMB participated in discussion and manuscript preparing.
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All experiments were performed in accordance with the ethical principles stated in the EU Directive 2010/63/EU for animal experiments and were approved (#012 from 10.10.2014) by Ethical Committee of the Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of Russian Academy of Sciences.
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Ierusalimsky, V.N., Roshchin, M.V. & Balaban, P.M. Immediate-Early Genes Detection in the CNS of Terrestrial Snail. Cell Mol Neurobiol 40, 1395–1404 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-020-00825-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10571-020-00825-2