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Developmentally Adapted Cognitive Processing Therapy for Adolescents Suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Childhood Sexual or Physical Abuse: A Pilot Study

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Abstract

Although childhood sexual abuse and childhood physical abuse (CSA and CPA) have severe psychopathological consequences, there is little evidence supporting psychotherapeutic interventions for adolescents who have experienced CSA or CPA. To provide a treatment tailored to the specific needs of adolescents suffering from abuse-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), we modified Cognitive Processing Therapy (CPT) by adding new treatment modules and changing the therapy setting. To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of Developmentally Adapted CPT (D-CPT), we treated 12 adolescents suffering from PTSD secondary to CSA or CPA. Patients were assessed prior to treatment (t0), post-treatment (t1), and 6 weeks after treatment (t2). Assessments included the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS), the UCLA PTSD Index (UCLA), the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (A-DES), and the Borderline Symptom List (BSL-23). MANOVAs revealed that posttraumatic stress measurements and associated symptom measurements significantly differed across time points. When comparing t0 with t2, Cohen’s d was large with respect to the CAPS scores (d = 1.45, p < .001) and the UCLA scores (d = 1.91, p < .001). Cohen’s d had a medium magnitude with respect to the CDI scores (d = .78, p < .001), the A-DES scores (d = 0.64, p < .05), and the BSL-23 scores (d = 0.74, p < .01). D-CPT has the potential to reduce PTSD symptoms and comorbid psychopathology in adolescents with histories of CSA or CPA.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Anne-Marie Korst for her conceptual support during the development of D-CPT and her therapeutic work. We also thank Dr. Volkmar Höfling for his collaboration on statistical analyses. Finally, we would like to express our gratitude to all of the participants who gave their time to be part of this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Institute of Psychology, Goethe University Frankfurt, Postbox 11 19 32-120, 60054, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Simone Matulis & Regina Steil

  2. National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

    Patricia A. Resick

  3. Clinical and Biological Psychology, Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Ingolstadt, Germany

    Rita Rosner

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  1. Simone Matulis
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  2. Patricia A. Resick
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  3. Rita Rosner
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  4. Regina Steil
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Correspondence to Simone Matulis.

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Matulis, S., Resick, P.A., Rosner, R. et al. Developmentally Adapted Cognitive Processing Therapy for Adolescents Suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder after Childhood Sexual or Physical Abuse: A Pilot Study. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 17, 173–190 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-013-0156-9

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