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Low-carbohydrate diet versus euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp for the assessment of myocardial viability with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET: a pilot study

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Abstract

Positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) is considered the gold standard for myocardial viability. A pilot study was undertaken to compare FDG-PET using euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp before 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) administration (PET-CLAMP) with a new proposed technique consisting of a 24-h low-carbohydrate diet before 18F-FDG injection (PET-DIET), for the assessment of hypoperfused but viable myocardium (hibernating myocardium). Thirty patients with previous myocardial infarction were subjected to rest 99mTc-sestamibi-SPECT and two 18F-FDG studies (PET-CLAMP and PET-DIET). Myocardial tracer uptake was visually scored using a 5-point scale in a 17-segment model. Hibernating myocardium was defined as normal or mildly reduced metabolism (18F-FDG uptake) in areas with reduced perfusion (99mTc-sestamibi uptake) since 18F-FDG uptake was higher than the degree of hypoperfusion–perfusion/metabolism mismatch indicating a larger flow defect. PET-DIET identified 79 segments and PET-CLAMP 71 as hibernating myocardium. Both methods agreed in 61 segments (agreement = 94.5 %, κ = 0.78). PET-DIET identified 230 segments and PET-CLAMP 238 as nonviable. None of the patients had hypoglycemia after DIET, while 20 % had it during CLAMP. PET-DIET compared with PET-CLAMP had a good correlation for the assessment of hibernating myocardium. To our knowledge, these data provide the first evidence of the possibility of myocardial viability assessment with this technique.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by financial assistance of FAPESP—The State of São Paulo Research Foundation—process 04/13824-2.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Medicine Department, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05403-000, Brazil

    José Soares Jr., Filadelfo Rodrigues Filho, Marisa Izaki, Maria Clementina P. Giorgi, Rosa M. A. Catapirra, Rubens Abe, Giovanni G. Cerri & José Cláudio Meneghetti

  2. Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 44, São Paulo, SP, CEP: 05403-000, Brazil

    Carmen G. C. M. Vinagre

  3. Rua Carlos Vasconcelos, 977, Fortaleza, CEP 60115-171, Brazil

    Filadelfo Rodrigues Filho

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  1. José Soares Jr.
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Correspondence to Filadelfo Rodrigues Filho.

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Soares, J., Rodrigues Filho, F., Izaki, M. et al. Low-carbohydrate diet versus euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp for the assessment of myocardial viability with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-PET: a pilot study. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 30, 415–423 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-013-0324-5

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