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Construction of a Three-dimensional Outline of the Heart and Conduction Pathway by Means of a 64-channel Magnetocardiogram in Patients with Atrial Flutter and Fibrillation

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Abstract

Background: Magnetocardiography (MCG) has the potential for collecting three-dimensional (3D) intracardiac electric information, because the magnetic field is unaffected by the shape of the lungs and torso. In the present study, we report on the generation of a 3D heart outline and conduction pathway by means of a current density map using a 64-channel SQUID system, and an evaluation of its significance in patients with atrial flutter (AFL) and atrial fibrillation (AFIB) Methods: The subjects consisted of 20 healthy volunteers, and 3 patients with AFL and 4 patients with AFIB. A 64-channel MCG was recorded after digitization at 500 Hz, and a 3D current density was reconstructed from the magnetic fields using a space filter in conjunction with the minimum normalization method of Tikhonov. A 3D heart outline was generated from the integrated current density by the space filter. The conduction pathway was superimposed on a heart outline generated by a magnetic field. The heart outline was verified by the silhouette on the magnetic resonance (MR) images. An MCG was recorded pre- and post interventional therapy, and therapeutic efficacy was evaluated. Results: The 3D heart outline of the atrium and ventricle corresponded to the silhouette of the right atrium and left ventricle, respectively, on an MR image. The serial conduction pathway of the QRS segment superimposed on the 3D heart outline map demonstrated the conduction pattern generated within the heart. The MCG revealed a counter-clockwise rotation in patients with AFL, and random micro-reentry in the case of AFIB. After interventional therapy, restoration of the sinus rhythm was verified in patients with both AFL and AFIB. Conclusions: A 64-channel MCG was used to evaluate the 3D heart outline and conduction pathway in patients with AFL and AFIB without the need for MR images. Condensed Abstract A 64-channel MCG was used to evaluate the 3D heart out line and conduction pathway in patients with AFL and AFIB.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Department of Laboratory Medicine, Iwate Medical University, 19–1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Japan, 020–8505

    Kenji Nakai & Akira Suwabe

  2. Cardiac Surgery & Radiology of Memorial Heart Center, Iwate Medical University, 19–1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Japan, 020–8505

    Kohei Kawazoe, Hiroshi Izumoto, Junichi Tsuboi, Yu Oshima, Takanori Oka & Kunihiro Yoshioka

  3. Dental Radiology, Iwate Medical University, 19–1 Uchimaru, Morioka, Japan, 020–8505

    Masanori Shozushima

  4. ICS Co., Ltd., Japan

    Manabu Itoh

  5. Department of Welfare Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan, 020–8505

    Koichiro Kobayashi

  6. Materials Science and Engineering, Iwate University, Morioka, Japan, 020–8505

    Takayuki Shimizu & Masahito Yoshizawa

Authors
  1. Kenji Nakai
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  2. Kohei Kawazoe
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  3. Hiroshi Izumoto
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  4. Junichi Tsuboi
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  5. Yu Oshima
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  6. Takanori Oka
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  7. Kunihiro Yoshioka
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  8. Masanori Shozushima
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  9. Akira Suwabe
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  10. Manabu Itoh
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  11. Koichiro Kobayashi
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  12. Takayuki Shimizu
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  13. Masahito Yoshizawa
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kenji Nakai.

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Nakai, K., Kawazoe, K., Izumoto, H. et al. Construction of a Three-dimensional Outline of the Heart and Conduction Pathway by Means of a 64-channel Magnetocardiogram in Patients with Atrial Flutter and Fibrillation. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 21, 555–561 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-005-0652-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-005-0652-1

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