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Motor Abnormalities and Basal Ganglia in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Abstract

At the beginning of the twentieth century, many authors proposed that a considerable number of schizophrenic patients experience genuine motor abnormalities (GMA). In the era of antipsychotic treatment, GMA became a scientifically and clinically challenging characteristic of schizophrenia. Over the past 10 years, several magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggested a crucial role of the motor system in this disorder. Constituting a major relay center in the extrapyramidal motor system and being involved in the automatic execution of motor plans, an involvement of the basal ganglia with GMA and schizophrenia is plausible. However, the precise morphological correlates of GMA have remained controversial. The aim of this paper is to systematically review structural neuroimaging findings on GMA and basal ganglia in individuals with schizophrenia. Nineteen structural MRI studies were identified for inclusion in the review. Considering the extant data, there is some evidence for volumetric and shape alterations of basal ganglia in schizophrenia being in part determined by psychopathology and GMA, and not entirely explained by antipsychotic medication effects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of General Psychiatry, Structural Neuroimaging Group, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany

    Dusan Hirjak & Philipp A. Thomann

  2. Department of General Psychiatry, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Voßstraße 4, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany

    Robert C. Wolf & Katharina M. Kubera

  3. Division of Neurology, National University Singapore – Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore

    Einar P. Wilder-Smith

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  1. Dusan Hirjak
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  2. Robert C. Wolf
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  3. Einar P. Wilder-Smith
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  4. Katharina M. Kubera
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  5. Philipp A. Thomann
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Correspondence to Dusan Hirjak.

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Hirjak, D., Wolf, R.C., Wilder-Smith, E.P. et al. Motor Abnormalities and Basal Ganglia in Schizophrenia: Evidence from Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Brain Topogr 28, 135–152 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-014-0377-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-014-0377-3

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