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The Formation of Barrier Winds East of the Loess Plateau and Their Effects on Dispersion Conditions in the North China Plains

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Abstract

The North China Plain (NCP) to the east of the Loess Plateau is one of the most heavily polluted areas in the world. Weak surface flow in the western part of the NCP exacerbates the air pollution in this region. Deceleration of low-level flow when approaching the Loess Plateau, together with enhanced roughness associated with large cities, were previously ascribed as the causes for low wind speeds in the NCP. Using numerical simulations with a one-layer dispersion model, we identify that dynamic modification of airflow by the Loess Plateau (not just simple deceleration due to mountain blocking) plays an important role in reducing the wind speed over the NCP. Dynamically-induced northerly barrier winds, superimposed on the prevailing southerly/south-easterly flow, reduce the wind speed in a 50–100 km wide region to the east of the Plateau, partially explaining the weak winds in the western part of the NCP. Poor dispersion conditions due to weak horizontal winds likely contribute to the accumulation of pollutants in this region.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41375108; 41375109) and by a Ministry of Science and Technology of China ‘973’ Project (2013CB430103). Proofreading by Charlotte E. Wainwright is greatly appreciated. Three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China

    Xiao-Ming Hu

  2. Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, and School of Meteorology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73072, USA

    Xiao-Ming Hu & Ming Xue

  3. National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China

    Xingliang Li

  4. Center for Analysis and Prediction of Storms, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK, 73071, USA

    Xingliang Li

  5. Institute of Technology on Atmospheric Environmental Safety and Pollution Control, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China

    Dui Wu

  6. Department of Meteorology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA

    Jose D. Fuentes

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  1. Xiao-Ming Hu
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  2. Xingliang Li
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  3. Ming Xue
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  4. Dui Wu
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Correspondence to Xiao-Ming Hu.

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Hu, XM., Li, X., Xue, M. et al. The Formation of Barrier Winds East of the Loess Plateau and Their Effects on Dispersion Conditions in the North China Plains. Boundary-Layer Meteorol 161, 145–163 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0159-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10546-016-0159-4

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