biologia plantarum

International journal on Plant Life established by Bohumil Němec in 1959

Biologia plantarum 59:401-412, 2015 | DOI: 10.1007/s10535-015-0517-y

Translation initiation in plants: roles and implications beyond protein synthesis

S. Dutt1,2,*, J. Parkash2, R. Mehra2, N. Sharma2, B. Singh1, P. Raigond1, A. Joshi1, S. Chopra1, B. P. Singh1
1 ICAR - Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, India
2 Biotechnology Division, CSIR - Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India

Protein synthesis is a ubiquitous and essential process in all organisms, including plants. It is primarily regulated at translation initiation stage which is mediated through a number of translation initiation factors (eIFs). It is now becoming more apparent that in addition to synthesis of proteins, eIFs also regulate various aspects of plant development and their interaction with environment. Translation initiation factors, such as eIF3, eIF4A, eIF4E, eIF4G, and eIF5A affect different processes during vegetative and reproductive growth like embryogenesis, xylogenesis, flowering, sporogenesis, pollen germination, etc. On the contrary, eIF1A, eIF2, eIF4, and eIF5A are associated with interaction of plants with different abiotic stresses, such as high temperature, salinity, oxidative stress, etc. Similarly, eIF4E and eIF4G have roles in interaction with many viruses. Therefore, the translation initiation factors are important candidates for improving plant performance and adaptation. A large number of genes encoding eIFs can functionally be validated and utilized through genetic engineering approaches for better adaptability and performance of plants by inhibiting/minimizing or increasing expression of desired eIF(s).

Keywords: embryogenesis; germination; high temperature; oxidative stress; salinity; viral diseases; water stress
Subjects: protein synthesis; translation; translation initiation factors; embryogenesis; oxidative stress; salinity; viral diseases; water stress

Received: April 3, 2014; Revised: February 10, 2015; Accepted: February 11, 2015; Published: September 1, 2015  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Dutt, S., Parkash, J., Mehra, R., Sharma, N., Singh, B., Raigond, P., ... Singh, B.P. (2015). Translation initiation in plants: roles and implications beyond protein synthesis. Biologia plantarum, 59(3), 401-412. doi: 10.1007/s10535-015-0517-y
Share...
Download citation
  • BibTeX (.bib)
  • Bookends (.ris)
  • EasyBib (.ris)
  • EndNote (.enw)
  • EndNote 8 (.xml)
  • ISI WoS (.isi)
  • Medlars (.medlars)
  • Mendeley (.ris)
  • MODS (.xml)
  • Papers (.ris)
  • RefWorks (.txt)
  • RefManager (.ris)
  • RIS (.ris)
  • MS Word (.xml)
  • Zotero (.ris)
    • Open full article

    Supplementary files

    Download filebpl-201503-0001_S1.pdf

    File size: 237.22 kB

    References

    1. Acker, M.G., Shin, B.S., Dever, T.E., Lorsch, J.R.: Interaction between eukaryotic initiation factors 1A and 5B is required for efficient ribosomal subunit joining. - J. biol. Chem. 281: 8469-8475, 2006. Go to original source...
    2. Albar, L., Bangratz-Reyser, M., Hebrard, E., Ndjiondjop, M.N., Jones, M., Ghesquiere, A.: Mutations in the eIF(iso)4G translation initiation factor confer high resistance of rice to Rice yellow mottle virus. - Plant J. 47: 417-426, 2006. Go to original source...
    3. Boex-Fontvieille, E., Daventure, M., Jossier, M., Zivy, M., Hodges, M., Tcherkez, G.: Photosynthetic control of Arabidopsis leaf cytoplasmic translation initiation by protein phosphorylation. - PLoS One 8: e70692, 2013. Go to original source...
    4. Boisnard, A., Albar, L., Thiemele, D., Rondeau, M., Ghesquiere, A.: Evaluation of genes from eIF4E and eIF4G multigenic families as potential candidates for partial resistance QTLs to Rice yellow mottle virus in rice. - Theor. appl. Genet. 116: 53-62, 2007. Go to original source...
    5. Browning, K,S.: Plant translation initiation factors: it is not easy to be green. - Biochem. Soc. Trans. 32: 589-591, 2004. Go to original source...
    6. Byrne, E.H., Prosser, I., Muttucumaru, N., Curtis, T.Y., Wingler, A., Powers, S., Halford, N.G.: Overexpression of GCN2-type protein kinase in wheat has profound effects on free amino acid concentration and gene expression. - Plant Biotechnol. J. 10: 328-340, 2012. Go to original source...
    7. Callot, C., Gallois, J.L.: Pyramiding resistances based on translation initiation factors in Arabidopsis is impaired by male gametophyte lethality. - Plant Signal Behav. 9: e27940, 2014. Go to original source...
    8. Chen, Z., Jolley, B., Caldwell, C., Gallie, D.R.: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIFiso4G is required to regulate violaxanthin de-epoxidase expression in Arabidopsis. - J. biol Chem. 289: 13926-13936, 2014. Go to original source...
    9. Cheng, S., Gallie, D.R.: Competitive and noncompetitive binding of eIF4B, eIF4A, and the poly(A) binding protein to wheat translation initiation factor eIFiso4G. - Biochemistry 49: 8251-8265, 2010. Go to original source...
    10. Cheng, S., Sultana, S., Goss, D.J., Gallie, D.R.: Translation initiation factor 4B homodimerization, RNA binding, and interaction with Poly(A)-binding protein are enhanced by zinc. - J. biol. Chem. 283: 36140-36153, 2008. Go to original source...
    11. Choi, S.K., Olsen, D.S., Roll-Mecak, A., Martung, A., Remo, K.L., Burley, S.K., Hinnebusch, A.G., Dever, T.E.: Physical and functional interaction between the eukaryotic orthologs of prokaryotic translation initiation factors IF1 and IF2. - Mol. cell. Biol. 20: 7183-7191, 2000. Go to original source...
    12. Combe, J.P., Petracek, M.E., Van Eldik, G., Meulewaeter, F., Twell, D.: Translation initiation factors eIF4E and eIFiso4E are required for polysome formation and regulate plant growth in tobacco. - Plant mol. Biol. 57: 749-760, 2005. Go to original source...
    13. Contreras-Paredes, C.A., Silva-Rosales, L., Daros, J.A., Alejandri-Ramirez, N.D., Dinkova, T.D.: The absence of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF(iso)4E affects the systemic spread of a Tobacco etch virus isolate in Arabidopsis thaliana. - Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 26: 461-470, 2013. Go to original source...
    14. Dever, T.E.: Gene-specific regulation by general translation factors. - Cell 108: 545-556, 2002. Go to original source...
    15. Dever, T.E., Green, R.: The elongation, termination, and recycling phases of translation in eukaryotes. - Cold Spring Harb. Perspect. Biol. 4: a013706, 2012. Go to original source...
    16. Duan, H., Richael, C., Rommens, C.M.: Overexpression of the wild potato eIF4E-1 variant Eva1 elicits Potato virus Y resistance in plants silenced for native eIF4E-1. - Transgenic Res. 21: 929-938, 2012. Go to original source...
    17. Gallie, D.R., Browning, K.S.: eIF4G functionally differs from eIFiso4G in promoting internal initiation, cap-independent translation, and translation of structured mRNAs. - J. biol. Chem. 276: 36951-36960, 2001. Go to original source...
    18. German-Retana, S., Walter, J., Doublet, B., Roudet-Tavert, G., Nicaise, V., Lecampion, C., Houvenaghel, M.C., Robaglia, C., Michon, T., Le Gall, O.: Mutational analysis of plant cap-binding protein eIF4E reveals key amino acids involved in biochemical functions and potyvirus infection. - J. Virol. 82: 7601-7612, 2008. Go to original source...
    19. Henderson, A., Hershey, J.W.: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 5A stimulates protein synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. - Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 108: 6415-6419, 2011. Go to original source...
    20. Hinnebusch, A.G.: Mechanism and regulation of initiator methionyl-tRNA binding to ribosomes. - In: Sonenberg, N., Hershey, J.W.B., Mathews, M.B. (ed.): Translational Control of Gene Expression. Pp 185-244. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor 2000.
    21. Hinnebusch, A.G.: eIF3: a versatile scaffold for translation initiation complexes. - Trends Biochem. Sci. 31: 553-562, 2006. Go to original source...
    22. Hopkins, M.T., Lampi, Y., Wang, T.W., Liu, Z., Thompson, J.E.: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A is involved in pathogen-induced cell death and development of disease symptoms in Arabidopsis. - Plant Physiol. 148: 479-489, 2008. Go to original source...
    23. Huang, J., Wang, J., Qiu, S., Zhang, H.: Isolation and characterization of two cDNAs encoding translation initiation factor 1A from rice (Oryza sativa L.). - DNA Seq. 15: 39-43, 2004. Go to original source...
    24. Hwang, J., Li, J., Liu, W.Y., An, S.J., Cho, H., Her, N.H., Yeam, I., Kim, D., Kang, B.C.: Double mutations in eIF4E and eIFiso4E confer recessive resistance to Chilli veinal mottle virus in pepper. - Mol. Cells 27: 329-336, 2009. Go to original source...
    25. Jackson, R.J., Hellen, C.U., Pestova, T.V.: The mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation and principles of its regulation. - Nat. Rev. mol. cell. Biol. 11: 113-127, 2010. Go to original source...
    26. Jennings, M.D., Pavitt, G.D.: eIF5 has GDI activity necessary for translational control by eIF2 phosphorylation. - Nature 465: 378-381, 2010. Go to original source...
    27. Kim, M.I., Park, S.W., Yu, S.H., Cho, H.S., Ha, H.J., Hwang, I., Pai, H.S.: Molecular characterization of the NeIF2B beta gene encoding a putative eIF2B beta-subunit in Nicotiana tabacum. - Mol. Cells 11: 110-114, 2001.
    28. Kim, Y., Lee, G., Jeon, E., Sohn, E.J., Lee, Y., Kang, H., Lee, D.W., Kim, D.H., Hwang, I.: The immediate upstream region of the 5'-UTR from the AUG start codon has a pronounced effect on the translational efficiency in Arabidopsis thaliana. - Nucl. Acids Res. 42: 485-498, 2014. Go to original source...
    29. Kolupaeva, V.G., Unbehaun, A., Lomakin, I.B., Hellen, C.U., Pestova, T.V.: Binding of eukaryotic initiation factor 3 to ribosomal 40S subunits and its role in ribosomal dissociation and anti-association. - RNA 11: 470-486, 2005. Go to original source...
    30. Kraft, J.J., Treder, K., Peterson, M.S., Miller, W.A.: Cationdependent folding of 3' cap-independent translation elements facilitates interaction of a 17-nucleotide conserved sequence with eIF4G. - Nucl. Acids Res. 41: 3398-3413, 2013. Go to original source...
    31. Lageix, S., Lanet, E., Pouch-Pelissier, M.N., Espagnol, M.C., Robaglia, C., Deragon, J.M., Pelissier, T.: Arabidopsis eIF2alpha kinase GCN2 is essential for growth in stress conditions and is activated by wounding. - BMC Plant Biol. 8: 134, 2008. Go to original source...
    32. Lax, S., Fritz, W., Browning, K., Ravel, J.: Isolation and characterization of factors from wheat germ that exhibit eukaryotic initiation factor 4B activity and overcome 7-methylguanosine 5'-triphosphate inhibition of polypeptide synthesis. - Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 330-333, 1985. Go to original source...
    33. Lax, S.R., Lauer, S.J., Browning, K.S., Ravel, J.M.: Purification and properties of protein synthesis initiation and elongation factors from wheat germ. - Methods Enzymol. 118: 109-128, 1986. Go to original source...
    34. Lax, S.R., Osterhout, J.J., Ravel, J.M.: Factors from wheat germ that enhance the activity of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2. Isolation and characterization of Co-eIF-2 beta. - J. biol. Chem. 257: 8233-8237, 1982. Go to original source...
    35. Lee, J.H., Muhsin, M., Atienza, G.A., Kwak, D.Y., Kim, S.M., De, Leon, T.B., Angeles, E.R., Coloquio, E., Kondoh, H., Satoh, K., Cabunagan, R.C., Cabauatan, P.Q., Kikuchi, S., Leung, H., Choi, I.R.: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in a gene for translation initiation factor (eIF4G) of rice (Oryza sativa) associated with resistance to Rice tungro spherical virus. - Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. 23: 29-38, 2010. Go to original source...
    36. Lee, J.H., Pestova, T.V., Shin, B.S., Cao, C., Choi, S.K., Dever, T.E.: Initiation factor eIF5B catalyzes second GTPdependent step in eukaryotic translation initiation. - Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 16689-16694, 2002. Go to original source...
    37. Lellis, A.D., Allen, M.L., Aertker, A.W., Tran, J.K., Hillis, D.M., Harbin, C.R., Caldwell, C., Gallie, D.R., Browning, K.S.: Deletion of the eIFiso4G subunit of the Arabidopsis eIFiso4F translation initiation complex impairs health and viability. - Plant mol. Biol. 74: 249-263, 2010. Go to original source...
    38. Liu, Z., Duguay, J., Ma, F., Wang, T.W., Tshin, R., Hopkins, M.T., McNamara, L., Thompson, J.E.: Modulation of eIF5A1 expression alters xylem abundance in Arabidopsis thaliana. - J. exp. Bot. 59: 939-950, 2008. Go to original source...
    39. Ma, F., Liu, Z., Wang, T.W., Hopkins, M.T., Peterson, C.A., Thompson, J.E.: Arabidopsis eIF5A3 influences growth and the response to osmotic and nutrient stress. - Plant Cell Environ. 33: 1682-1696, 2010. Go to original source...
    40. Malys, N., McCarthy, J.E.: Translation initiation: variations in the mechanism can be anticipated. - Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 68: 991-1003, 2011. Go to original source...
    41. Marintchev, A., Edmonds, K.A., Marintcheva, B., Hendrickson, E., Oberer, M., Suzuki, C., Herdy, B., Sonenberg, N., Wagner, G.: Topology and regulation of the human eIF4A/4G/4H helicase complex in translation initiation. - Cell 136: 447-460, 2009. Go to original source...
    42. Marintchev, A., Wagner, G.: Translation initiation: structures, mechanisms and evolution. - Quart. Rev. Biophys. 37: 197-284, 2004. Go to original source...
    43. Martínez-Silva, A.V., Aguirre-Martinez, C., Flores-Tinoco, C.E., Alejandri-Ramirez, N.D., Dinkova, T.D.: Translation initiation factor AteIF(iso)4E is involved in selective mRNA translation in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. - PLoS One 7: e31606, 2012. Go to original source...
    44. Mayberry, L.K., Allen, M.L., Dennis, M.D., Browning, K.S.: Evidence for variation in the optimal translation initiation complex: plant eIF4B, eIF4F, and eIF(iso)4F differentially promote translation of mRNAs. - Plant Physiol. 150: 1844-1854, 2009. Go to original source...
    45. Mazier, M., Flamain, F., Nicolai, M., Sarnette, V., Caranta, C.: Knock-down of both eIF4E1 and eIF4E2 genes confers broad-spectrum resistance against potyviruses in tomato. - PLoS One 6: e29595, 2011. Go to original source...
    46. Metz, A.M., Browning, K.S.: Assignment of the beta-subunit of wheat eIF2 by protein and DNA sequence analysis and immunoanalysis. - Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 342: 187-189, 1997. Go to original source...
    47. Mitchell, S.F., Lorsch, J.R.: Should I stay or should I go? Eukaryotic translation initiation factors 1 and 1A control start codon recognition. - J. biol. Chem. 283: 27345-27349, 2008. Go to original source...
    48. Naderpour, M., Lund, O.S., Larsen, R., Johansen, E.: Potyviral resistance derived from cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris carrying bc-3 is associated with the homozygotic presence of a mutated eIF4E allele. - Mol. Plant Pathol. 11: 255-263, 2010. Go to original source...
    49. Nielsen, K.H., Behrens, M.A., He, Y., Oliveira, C.L., Jensen, L.S., Hoffmann, S.V., Pedersen, J.S., Andersen, G.R.: Synergistic activation of eIF4A by eIF4B and eIF4G. - Nucl. Acids Res. 39: 2678-2689, 2011. Go to original source...
    50. Olsen, D.S., Savner, E.M., Mathew, A., Zhang, F., Krishnamoorthy, T., Phan, L., Hinnebusch, A.G.: Domains of eIF1A that mediate binding to eIF2, 3IF3 and eIF5B and promote ternary complex recruitment in vivo. - EMBO J. 22: 193-204, 2003. Go to original source...
    51. Osterhout, J.J., Lax, S.R., Ravel, J.M.: Factors from wheat germ that enhance the activity of eukaryotic initiation factor eIF-2. Isolation and characterization of Co-eIF-2 alpha. - J. biol. Chem. 258: 8285-8289, 1983. Go to original source...
    52. Pacheco, A., Martinez-Salas, E.: Insights into the biology of IRES elements through riboproteomic approaches. - J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 45: 8927, 2010. Go to original source...
    53. Parkash, J., Vaidya, T., Kirti, S., Dutt, S.: Translation initiation factor 5A in Picrorhiza is up-regulated during leaf senescence and in response to abscisic acid. - Gene 542: 1-7, 2014. Go to original source...
    54. Pavitt, G.D.: eIF2B, a mediator of general and gene-specific translational control. - Biochem. Soc. Trans. 33: 1487-1492, 2005. Go to original source...
    55. Pestova, T.V., Kolupaeva, V.G.: The roles of individual eukaryotic translation initiation factors in ribosomal scanning and initiation codon selection. - Genes Dev. 16: 2906-2922, 2002. Go to original source...
    56. Pestova, T.V., Lomakin, I.B., Lee, J.H., Choi, S.K., Dever, T.E., Hellen, C.U.: The joining of ribosomal subunits in eukaryotes requires eIF5B. - Nature 403: 332-335, 2000. Go to original source...
    57. Piron, F., Nicolai, M., Minoia, S., Piednoir, E., Moretti, A., Salgues, A., Zamir, D., Caranta, C., Bendahmane, A.: An induced mutation in tomato eIF4E leads to immunity to two potyviruses. - PLoS One 5: e11313, 2010. Go to original source...
    58. Pisarev, A.V., Hellen, C.U., Pestova, T.V.: Recycling of eukaryotic posttermination ribosomal complexes. - Cell 131: 286-299, 2007. Go to original source...
    59. Pisarev, A.V., Kolupaeva, V.G., Yusupov, M.M., Hellen, C.U., Pestova, T.V.: Ribosomal position and contacts of mRNA in eukaryotic translation initiation complexes. - EMBO J. 27: 1609-1621, 2008. Go to original source...
    60. Prevot, D., Darlix, J.L., Ohlmann, T.: Conducting the initiation of protein synthesis: the role of eIF4G. - Biol. Cell 95: 141-156, 2003. Go to original source...
    61. Rausell, A., Kanhonou, R., Yenush, L., Serrano, R., Ros, R.: The translation initiation factor eIF1A is an important determinant in the tolerance to NaCl stress in yeast and plants. - Plant J. 34: 257-267, 2003. Go to original source...
    62. Rodriguez-Hernandez, A.M., Gosalvez, B., Sempere, R.N., Burgos, L., Aranda, M.A., Truniger, V.: Melon RNA interference (RNAi) lines silenced for Cm-eIF4E show broad virus resistance. - Mol. Plant Pathol. 13: 755-763, 2012. Go to original source...
    63. Roy, B., Copenhaver, G.P., Von Arnim, A.G.: Fluorescencetagged transgenic lines reveal genetic defects in pollen growth-application to the eIF3 complex. - PLoS One 6: e17640, 2011. Go to original source...
    64. Sahoo, R.K., Gill, S.S., Tuteja, N.: Pea DNA helicase 45 promotes salinity stress tolerance in IR64 rice with improved yield. - Plant Signal Behav 7: 1042-1046, 2012. Go to original source...
    65. Schmitt, E., Naveau, M., Mechulam, Y.: Eukaryotic and archaeal translation initiation factor 2: a heterotrimeric tRNA carrier. - FEBS Lett. 584: 405-412, 2010. Go to original source...
    66. Schutz, P., Bumann, M., Oberholzer, A.E., Bieniossek, C., Trachsel, H., Altmann, M., Baumann, U.: Crystal structure of the yeast eIF4A-eIF4G complex: an RNA-helicase controlled by protein-protein interactions. - Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. USA 105: 9564-9569, 2008. Go to original source...
    67. Shaikhin, S.M., Smailov, S.K., Lee, A.V., Kozhanov, E.V., Iskakov, B.K.: Interaction of wheat germ translation initiation factor 2 with GDP and GTP. - Biochimie 74: 447-454, 1992. Go to original source...
    68. Shen, Y., Li, C., McCarty, D.R., Meeley, R., Tan, B.C.: Embryo defective 12 encodes the plastid initiation factor 3 and is essential for embryogenesis in maize. - Plant J. 74: 792-804, 2013. Go to original source...
    69. Shi, L., Weng, J., Liu, C., Song, X., Miao, H., Hao, Z., Xie, C., Li, M., Zhang, D., Bai, L., Pan, G., Li, X., Zhang, S.: Identification of promoter motifs regulating ZmeIF4E expression level involved in maize rough dwarf disease resistance in maize (Zea mays L.). - Mol. Genet. Genomics 288: 89-99, 2013. Go to original source...
    70. Sonenberg, N., Hinnebusch, A.G.: Regulation of translation initiation in eukaryotes: mechanisms and biological targets. - Cell 136: 731-745, 2009. Go to original source...
    71. Song, A., Lou, W., Jiang, J., Chen, S., Sun, Z., Guan, Z., Fang, W., Teng, N., Chen, F.: An isoform of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E from Chrysanthemum morifolium interacts with chrysanthemum virus B coat protein. - PLoS One 8: e57229, 2013. Go to original source...
    72. Steitz, T.A.: A structural understanding of the dynamic ribosome machine. - Nat. Rev. mol. cell. Biol. 9: 242-253, 2008. Go to original source...
    73. Suragani, M., Rasheedi, S., Hasnain, S.E., Ehtesham, N.Z.: The translation initiation factor, PeIF5B, from Pisum sativum displays chaperone activity. - Biochem. biophys. Res. Commun. 414: 390-396, 2011. Go to original source...
    74. Svitkin, Y.V., Pause, A., Haghighat, A., Pyronnet, S., Witherell, G., Belsham, G.J., Sonenberg, N.: The requirement for eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (elF4A) in translation is in direct proportion to the degree of mRNA 5' secondary structure. - RNA 7: 382-394, 2001. Go to original source...
    75. Thompson, J.E., Hopkins, M.T., Taylor, C., Wang, T.W.: Regulation of senescence by eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A: implications for plant growth and development. - Trends Plant Sci. 9: 174-179, 2004. Go to original source...
    76. Vain, P., Thole, V., Worland, B., Opanowicz, M., Bush, M.S., Doonan, J.H.: A T-DNA mutation in the RNA helicase eIF4A confers a dose-dependent dwarfing phenotype in Brachypodium distachyon. - Plant J. 66: 929-940, 2011. Go to original source...
    77. Vassilenko, K.S., Alekhina, O.M., Dmitriev, S.E., Shatsky, I.N., Spirin, A.S.: Unidirectional constant rate motion of the ribosomal scanning particle during eukaryotic translation initiation. - Nucl. Acids Res. 39: 5555-5567, 2011. Go to original source...
    78. Vinocur, B., Altman, A.: Recent advances in engineering plant tolerance to abiotic stress: achievements and limitations. - Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 16: 123-132, 2005. Go to original source...
    79. Von der Haar, T., Gross, J.D., Wagner, G., McCarthy, J.E.: The mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E in post-transcriptional gene expression. - Nat. Struct. mol. Biol. 11: 503-511, 2004. Go to original source...
    80. Walker, S.E., Zhou, F., Mitchell, S.F., Larson, V.S., Valasek, L., Hinnebusch, A.G., Lorsch, J.R.: Yeast eIF4B binds to the head of the 40S ribosomal subunit and promotes mRNA recruitment through its N-terminal and internal repeat domains. - RNA 19: 191-207, 2013. Go to original source...
    81. Wang, A., Krishnaswamy, S.: Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-mediated recessive resistance to plant viruses and its utility in crop improvement. - Mol. Plant Pathol. 13: 795-803, 2012. Go to original source...
    82. Wang, L., Xu, C., Wang, C., Wang, Y.: Characterization of a eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A homolog from Tamarix androssowii involved in plant abiotic stress tolerance. - BMC Plant Biol. 12: 118, 2012. Go to original source...
    83. Wang, T.W., Lu, L., Wang, D., Thompson, J.E.: Isolation and characterization of senescence-induced cDNAs encoding deoxyhypusine synthase and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A from tomato. - J. biol. Chem. 276: 17541-17549, 2001. Go to original source...
    84. Wang, X., Kohalmi, S.E., Svircev, A., Wang, A., Sanfacon, H., Tian, L.: Silencing of the host factor eIF(iso)4E gene confers plum pox virus resistance in plum. - PLoS One 8: e50627, 2013. Go to original source...
    85. Xia, C., Wang, Y.J., Li, W.Q., Chen, Y.R., Deng, Y., Zhang, X.Q., Chen, L.Q., Ye, D.: The Arabidopsis eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3, subunit F (AteIF3f), is required for pollen germination and embryogenesis. - Plant J. 63: 189-202, 2010. Go to original source...
    86. Xu, J., Zhang, B., Jiang, C., Ming, F.: RceIF5A, encoding an eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A in Rosa chinensis, can enhance thermotolerance, oxidative and osmotic stress resistance of Arabidopsis thaliana. - Plant mol. Biol. 75: 167-178, 2011. Go to original source...
    87. Yahalom, A., Kim, T.H., Roy, B., Singer, R., Von Arnim, A.G., Chamovitz, D.A.: Arabidopsis eIF3e is regulated by the COP9 signalosome and has an impact on development and protein translation. - Plant J. 53: 300-311, 2008. Go to original source...
    88. Yu, Y., Marintchev, A., Kolupaeva, V.G., Unbehaun, A., Veryasova, T., Lai, S.C., Hong, P., Wagner, G., Hellen, C.U., Pestova, T.V.: Position of eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF1A on the 40S ribosomal subunit mapped by directed hydroxyl radical probing. - Nucl. Acids Res. 37: 5167-5182, 2009. Go to original source...
    89. Zhou, F., Roy, B., Von Arnim, A.G.: Translation reinitiation and development are compromised in similar ways by mutations in translation initiation factor eIF3h and the ribosomal protein RPL24. - BMC Plant Biol. 10: 193, 2010. Go to original source...

    Return to the content