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Observational Manifestations of First Galaxies in the Far Infrared Range

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High-redshift galaxies (z ≳ 9) are currently observed in the near-infrared (1.4-2 μm), mid-infrared (IR) (5-28.8 μm), and submillimeter (500-1000 μm) ranges. The far IR band, which carries important information on fundamental processes in early galaxies corresponding to the mid-infrared range in the restframe is hidden from the observer by the earth’s atmosphere. We consider the parameters of the emission from galaxies at high redshifts and the possibility of observing them in the far IR using gravitational lensing on massive galactic clusters. The emission presumably arises predominantly in gas ionized by ultraviolet (UV) and X-ray emission of stars and the central supermassive black holes (SMBH) of host galaxy. The metallicity of the gas of the parent galaxies lies within an interval of -6 ≤ [Z/H] ≤ -1, as follows from observations of distant galaxies at (z ≳ 9). We estimate the spectral features in the far IR range and the conditions under which these galaxies can be detected. It is shown that the spectral lines Pf-α and Hm-α, along with several lines of metals in the mid IR range ([NeV] I7.6, [SIV] 10.5, [NeIII] 15.6, [NeV] 24.1, [OIV] 25.8 μm, etc.), can be sufficiently bright to be detected. With using gravitational lensing on known galactic clusters, the number of expected high-redshift candidates in the far IR is large enough to carry out a program of observations on the “Millimetron” Space Observatory in the 70-500 μm wavelength range.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Astro-Space Center, P. N. Lebedev Physics Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    T. I. Larchenkova, A. A. Ermash, E. O. Vasiliev & Yu. A. Shchekinov

  2. Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    E. O. Vasiliev

  3. Raman Research Institute, Sadashivanagar, Bangalore, India

    Yu. A. Shchekinov

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  1. T. I. Larchenkova
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  2. A. A. Ermash
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  3. E. O. Vasiliev
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  4. Yu. A. Shchekinov
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Correspondence to T. I. Larchenkova.

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Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 65, No. 2, pp. 179-202, May 2022.

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Larchenkova, T.I., Ermash, A.A., Vasiliev, E.O. et al. Observational Manifestations of First Galaxies in the Far Infrared Range. Astrophysics 65, 161–181 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10511-022-09729-z

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