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Acaricidal activity of Havardia albicans and Caesalpinia gaumeri methanolic leaf extracts on Rhipicephalus microplus and its toxicity to laboratory animals

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Abstract

The acaricidal activity of methanolic extracts from the leaves of Havardia albicans (Kunth Britton and Rose) and Caesalpinia gaumeri (Greenm) were tested on the larvae and adults of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus Canestrini using the larval immersion test and the adult immersion test, respectively. The toxicity of these extracts was also evaluated on laboratory animals using toxicity bioassays at different concentrations: skin irritability (500 mg/ml), acute oral toxicity (5000 mg/kg), ocular irritability (1000 mg/ml) and dermal toxicity (5000 mg/kg). The acaricidal activity of the H. albicans extracts on R. microplus larvae showed a LC50 of 7.0% (4.3–11.4) and a LC99 of 25.5% (14.26–201.5). The acaricidal activity of the C. gaumeri extracts on larvae showed a LC50 of 7.8% (5.74–10.65) and a LC99 of 38.32% (22.22–146.48). The H. albicans extracts showed moderate acaricidal activity in the inhibition of egg laying (54.4 ± 12.4) and the inhibition of larval hatching (48.7 ± 6.8) in R. microplus adults. The C. gaumeri extracts also showed moderate acaricidal activity in the inhibition of egg laying (51.0 ± 11.2). However, none of the evaluated extracts showed significant toxicity on laboratory rodents. These plants show the potential to control R. microplus and could be administered topically or orally in animals. Further studies are needed to identify the active compound(s) and to evaluate the effects of these plants on R. microplus in vivo.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) for their financial support for the present work (clave CB-2012-01-178216). Special thanks to the technician Mirbella Caceres for support during sample collection and vegetal material processing.

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  1. Laboratorio de Parasitología. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Km. 15.5 carretera Mérida-Xmatkuil, CP 97100, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico

    José A. Rosado-Aguilar, Roger I. Rodríguez-Vivas & Karen A. Arjona-Cambranes

  2. Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Calle 43 No 130 Colonia Chuburná de Hidalgo, CP 97200, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico

    Rocío Borges-Argaez

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  1. José A. Rosado-Aguilar
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  2. Roger I. Rodríguez-Vivas
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  3. Rocío Borges-Argaez
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  4. Karen A. Arjona-Cambranes
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Rosado-Aguilar, J.A., Rodríguez-Vivas, R.I., Borges-Argaez, R. et al. Acaricidal activity of Havardia albicans and Caesalpinia gaumeri methanolic leaf extracts on Rhipicephalus microplus and its toxicity to laboratory animals. Exp Appl Acarol 71, 345–354 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-017-0130-1

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