Abstract
This study explores digital business transformation through the lens of four emerging technology fields: artificial intelligence, blockchain, cloud and data analytics (i.e., ABCD). Specifically, the study investigates the operations and value propositions of these distinct but increasingly converging technologies. Due to the dynamic nature of innovation, the potential of this ABCD hybridization, integration, recombination and convergence has yet to be considered. Using a multidisciplinary approach, the findings of the study show wide-reaching and diverse applications among a variety of vertical sectors, presenting exploratory research avenues for future investigation. The study also highlights the practical implications of these new technologies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Afiniti. (2018). What we do. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.afiniti.com.
Akter, S., Bandara, R., Hani, U., Wamba, S. F., Foropon, C., & Papadopoulos, T. (2019). Analytics-based decision-making for service systems: A qualitative study and agenda for future research. International Journal of Information Management, 48(2019), 85–95.
Akter, S., & Wamba, S. F. (2016). Big data analytics in E-commerce: A systematic review and agenda for future research. Electronic Markets, 26(2), 173–194.
Aleksandrova, M. (2019). Big data in the banking industry: The main challenges and use cases. Retrieved January 31, 2020 from https://easternpeak.com/blog/big-data-in-the-banking-industry-the-main-challenges-and-use-cases/.
Almorsy, M., Grundy, J., & Müller, I. (2016). An analysis of the cloud computing security problem. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.01107.
Alphabeta Advisors. (2018). Digital innovation: Australia’s $315b opportunity. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://data61.csiro.au/en/Our-Research/Our-Work/Future-Cities/Planning-sustainable-infrastructure/Digital-Innovation.
Amazon. (2020). At Capital One, enhancing fraud protection with machine learning. Retrieved February 08 from https://aws.amazon.com/machine-learning/customers/innovators/capital_one/.
Armbrust, M., Fox, A., Griffith, R., Joseph, A. D., Katz, R., Konwinski, A., et al. (2010). A view of cloud computing. Communications of the ACM, 53(4), 50–58.
Arora, M., Chopra, A. B., & Dixit, V. S. (2020). An Approach to secure collaborative recommender system using artificial intelligence, deep learning, and blockchain. In S. Choudhury, R. Mishra, & A. Kumar (Eds.), Intelligent communication, control and devices (Vol. 989). Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Singapore: Springer.
Ashwell, M. L. (2017). The digital transformation of intelligence analysis. Journal of Financial Crime, 24(3), 393–411.
Avram, M. G. (2014). Advantages and challenges of adopting cloud computing from an enterprise perspective. Procedia Technology, 12, 529–534.
Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17, 99–120.
Basilico, J., & Amatrian, X. (2012). Netflix recommendations Beyond the 5 starts The Netflix Tech Blog. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://netflixtechblog.com/netflix-recommendations-beyond-the-5-stars-part-1-55838468f429.
Basilico, J., & Amatrian,X (2013). System Architectures for Personalization and Recommendation. The Netflix tech Blog. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://netflixtechblog.com/system-architectures-for-personalization-and-recommendation-e081aa94b5d8.
Basole, R. C. (2016). Accelerating digital transformation: Visual insights from the API ecosystem. IT Professional, 18, 20–25.
Batra, G., Queirolo, A., & Santhanam, N. (2018). Artificial intelligence: The time to act is now. McKinsey, January. Retrieved February 10, 2020 from https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/advanced-electronics/our-insights/artificial-intelligence-the-time-to-act-is-now.
Battisti, E., Shams, S., Sakka, G., & Miglietta, N. (2019). Big data and risk management in business processes: Implications for corporate real estate. Business Process Management Journal. https://doi.org/10.1108/BPMJ-03-2019-0125.
Battleson, D. A., West, B. C., Kim, J., Ramesh, B., & Robinson, P. S. (2016). Achieving dynamic capabilities with cloud computing: An empirical investigation. European Journal of Information Systems, 25(3), 209–230.
Beall, A. (2020). Big data in health care: How three organizations are using big data to improve patient care and more? Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://www.sas.com/en_gb/insights/articles/big-data/big-data-in-healthcare.html.
Bengio, Y. (2013). Deep learning of representations: Looking forward. In A. H Dediu, C. Martín-Vide, R. Mitkov, & B. Truthe (Eds.), International conference on statistical language and speech processing (Vol. 7978). SLSP 2013, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin: Springer.
Benlian, A., Kettinger, W. J., Sunyaev, A., Winkler, T. J., & Guest, E. (2018). Special section: The transformative value of cloud computing: A decoupling, platformization, and recombination theoretical framework. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(3), 719–739. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.2018.1481634.
Berman, S. J. (2012). Digital transformation: Opportunities to create new business models. Strategy & Leadership, 40, 16–24.
Bhushan, K., & Gupta, B. (2018). Detecting DDoS attack using software defined network (SDN) in cloud computing environment. Paper presented at the 2018 5th International Conference on Signal Processing and Integrated Networks (SPIN).
Bo, K. S. (2018). Cloud computing for business. International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research and Engineering, 4(7), 156–160.
Botta, A., De Donato, W., Persico, V., & Pescapé, A. (2016). Integration of cloud computing and internet of things: A survey. Future Generation Computer Systems, 56, 684–700.
Camilleri, M. A. (2019). The use of data-driven technologies for customer-centric marketing. International Journal of Big Data Management (forthcoming).
Cao, Q., Schniederjans, D. G., & Schniederjans, M. (2017). Establishing the use of cloud computing in supply chain management. Operations Management Research, 10(1–2), 47–63.
Carpenter, J. (2015). IBM’s Virginia Rometty tells NU grads: Technology will enhance us. Retrieved February 11, 2019 from https://www.chicagotribune.com/bluesky/originals/ct-northwestern-virginiarometty-ibm-bsi-20150619-story.html.
Carson, B., Romanelli, G., Walsh, P., & Zhumaev, A. (2018). Blockchain beyond the hype: What is the strategic business value (pp. 1–13). McKinsey & Company.
Chen, H., Chiang, R. H. L., & Storey, V. C. (2012). Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact. MIS Quarterly, 36(4), 1165–1188.
Chui, M. (2017). Artificial intelligence the next digital frontier? (Vol. 47). McKinsey and Company Global Institute.
Cohen, J. S. G. (2017). Warding off the threat of disruption. MIT Sloan Management Review, 58(2), 95–96.
Cohen, P. R., & Feigenbaum, E. A. (2014). The handbook of artificial intelligence. London: Butterworth-Heinemann.
Cowen, D., Johnston, K. A., & Vuke, K. (2016). How cloud computing influences business strategy within South African enterprise (p. 272). IEEE.
Crosby, M., Pattanayak, P., Verma, S., & Kalyanaraman, V. (2016). Blockchain technology: Beyond bitcoin. Applied Innovation, 2, 6–10.
Davenport, T. H. (2014). Big data at work. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Publishing.
Davenport, T. H. (2018). Can we solve AI’s ‘trust problem’? MIT Sloan Management Review, November 02. Retrieved January 30, 2020 from https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/can-we-solve-ais-trust-problem/.
Davenport, T. H., & Ronanki, R. (2018). Artificial intelligence for the real world. Harvard Business Review, 96(1), 108–116.
Davenport, T. H., & Spanyi, A. (2019). Digital transformation should start with customers. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/digital-transformation-should-start-with-customers/. Accessed 31 Jan 2020.
Deep Instinct. (2018). How deep learning works. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.deepinstinct.com.
Delone, W. H. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19, 9–30.
DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (1992). Information systems success: The quest for the dependent variable. Information Systems Research, 3, 60–95.
Dixon, M. (2019). How Netflix used big data and analytics to generate billions. https://seleritysas.com/blog/2019/04/05/how-netflix-used-big-data-and-analytics-to-generate-billions/. Accessed 31 Jan 2020.
Doniz, S. (2018). Qantas Airways uses Microsoft 365 to better connect airline personnel and people on the move. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://customers.microsoft.com/en-us/story/qantas-travel-and-transportation-microsoft-365.
Dremel, C., Wulf, J., Herterich, M. M., Waizmann, J.-C., & Brenner, W. (2017). How AUDI AG established big data analytics in its digital transformation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(2), 81–100.
Duff, C. (2020). Microsoft earnings up as cloud business continues its expansion. Retrieved on January 29, 2020 from https://amp-cnn-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/amp.cnn.com/cnn/2020/01/29/tech/microsoft-azure-earnings/index.html?fbclid=IwAR0tJxgH5W-P5pmihOWDwziLhQkIgoy3DyKIvP5HDZeaGuQ2LwRbBFBgFWU.
Dumbill, E. (2013). Making sense of big data. Big Data, 1(1), 1–2.
Dunphy, P., & Petitcolas, F. A. (2018). A first look at identity management schemes on the blockchain. arXiv preprint arXiv:1801.03294.
Ekramifard, A., Amintoosi, H., Seno, A. H., Dehghantanha, A., & Parizi, R. M. (2020). A systematic literature review of integration of blockchain and artificial intelligence. In K. K. Choo, A. Dehghantanha, & R. Parizi (Eds.), Blockchain cybersecurity, trust and privacy (Vol. 79). Advances in Information Security. Cham: Springer.
Elmes, S. (2019). Delicious Data: How big data is disrupting the business of food. https://adimo.co/news/delicious-data-how-big-data-is-disrupting-the-business-of-food. Accessed Jan 31 2020.
Fargo, W., & ANZ. (2016). Distributed ledger technology and opportunities in correspondent banking. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.finextra.com/finextra-downloads/newsdocs/anz_wellsfargo_dlt_paper_hires.pdf?utm_content=buffer8a07c&utm_medium=social&utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer.
Feinleib, D. (2014). Big data bootcamp: What managers need to know to profit from the big data revolution. New York, NY: Apress Media Inc.
Forsythe, J., Rogan, C., Dimkin, D., Strain, R., Curran, J., & Odhav, V. (2016). Australia can see further by standing on the shoulders of giants. Driving digital transformation by adopting ‘Meaningful Use’ legislation. PWC Australia. Retereived April 24, 2020, from https://www.pwc.com.au/publications/pdf/digital-hospital-2016.pdf.
Gartner. (2019). Blockchain potential and pitfalls. December, 05. Retrieved January 30, 2020 from https://www.gartner.com/en/webinars/3878710/blockchain-potential-and-pitfalls.
Gill, S. S., Tuli, S., Xu, M., Singh, I., Singh, K. V., Lindsay, D., … Jain, U. J. I. O. T. (2019). Transformative effects of IoT, Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence on cloud computing: Evolution, vision, trends and open challenges. 100118.
Gobble, M. M. (2013). Big data: The next big thing in innovation. Research-technology management, 56(1), 64–67.
Gölzer, P., & Fritzsche, A. (2017). Data-driven operations management: Organisational implications of the digital transformation in industrial practice. Production Planning & Control, 28(16), 1332–1343.
Goodwin, T. (2015). The battle is for the customer interface. Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://techcrunch.com/2015/03/03/in-the-age-of-disintermediation-the-battle-is-all-for-the-customer-interface/.
Gray, K. (2017). AI can be a troublesome teammate. Harvard Business Review, July 20. Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://hbr.org/2017/07/ai-can-be-a-troublesome-teammate.
Grewal, D., Hulland, J., & Kopalle, P. K. (2020). The future of technology and marketing: A multidisciplinary perspective. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48, 1–8.
Gubbi, J., Buyya, R., Marusic, S., & Palaniswami, M. (2013). Internet of Thing: A vision, architectural elements and future directions. Future Generation Computer Systems, 29(70), 1645–1660.
Guido, P. (2014). Three companies that transformed their businesses using cloud computing. IBM BRANDVOICE. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.forbes.com/sites/ibm/2014/11/03/three-companies-that-transformed-their-businesses-using-cloud-computing/#204b715a1b66.
Haggerty, E. (2017). Healthcare and digital transformation. Network Security, 2017(8), 7–11.
Hartmann, B., King, W. P., & Narayanan, S. (2015). Digital manufacturing: The revolution will be virtualized. Retrieved February 1, 2020 https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/digital-manufacturing-the-revolution-will-be-virtualized.
Heaton, J. B., Polson, N. G., & Witte, J. H. (2017). Deep learning for finance: Deep portfolios. Applied Stochastic Models in Business and Industry, 33(1), 3–12.
Heilig, L., Lalla-Ruiz, E., & Voß, S. (2017). Digital transformation in maritime ports: Analysis and a game theoretic framework. Netnomics: Economic Research and Electronic Networking, 18(2–3), 227–254.
Iansiti, M., & Lakhani, K. R. (2017). The truth about blockchain. Harvard Business Review, 95(1), 118–127.
Ionescu, L. (2019). Big data, blockchain, and artificial intelligence in cloud-based accounting information systems. Analysis & Metaphysics, 18, 44–49.
Kasemsap, K. (2015). The role of cloud computing in global supply chain. In Enterprise management strategies in the era of cloud computing (pp. 192–219).: IGI Global.
Kathuria, A., Mann, A., Khuntia, J., Saldanha, T. J., & Kauffman, R. J. (2018). A strategic value appropriation path for cloud computing. Journal of Management Information Systems, 35(3), 740–775.
Kirkland, R., & Tapscott, D. (2016). How blockchains could change the world. McKinsey Q, 3, 110–113.
Kopetz, H. (2011). Real-time systems: Design principles for distributed embedded applications. Wien: Springer.
Kumar, V., Ramachandran, D., & Kumar, B. (2020). Influence of new-age technologies on marketing: A research agenda. Journal of Business Research. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.007.
Kushida, K. E., Murray, J., & Zysman, J. (2015). Cloud computing: From scarcity to abundance. Journal of Industry, Competition and Trade, 15(1), 5–19.
Larson, K. (2019). Data privacy and AI ethics stepped to the fore in 2018. Retrieved February 11 from https://medium.com/@Smalltofeds/data-privacy-and-ai-ethics-stepped-to-the-fore-in-2018-4e0207f28210.
LeCun, Y., Bengio, Y., & Hinton, G. (2015). Deep learning. Nature, 521, 436.
Lemley, J., Bazrafkan, S., & Corcoran, P. (2017). Deep learning for consumer devices and services: Pushing the limits for machine learning, artificial intelligence, and computer vision. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine, 6, 48–56.
Li, F. (2018). The digital transformation of business models in the creative industries: A holistic framework and emerging trends. Technovation.
Lim, S., Tucker, C. S., & Kumara, S. (2017). An unsupervised machine learning model for discovering latent infectious diseases using social media data. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 66, 82–94.
Manyika, J., Chui, M., Lund, S., & Ramaswamy, S. (2017). What’s now and next in analytics, AI, and automation (pp. 1–12). McKinsey Global Institute.
Markets & Markets. (2019). Artificial Intelligence Market worth $190.61 billion by 2025 with a Growing CAGR of 36.6%, June, 18. Retrieved January 30, 2020 from https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/PressReleases/artificial-intelligence.asp%20.asp.
Marković, D. S., Branović, I., & Popović, R. (2014). Review of cloud computing in business. Singidunum Journal of Applied Sciences. https://doi.org/10.15308/SInteZa-2014-673-677.
Martin, J.-F. (2017). Unlocking success in digital transformations. McKinsey & Company (October), 1–14.
McDonald, C. (2016). How InterContinental Hotels connects with real-time marketing. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.computerweekly.com/news/450403246/How-InterContinental-Hotels-connects-with-real-time-marketing.
McGettigan, T. (2016). Artificial intelligence: Is Watson the real thing? (2016). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2826047 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2826047.
Melville, N., Kraemer, K., & Gurbaxani, V. (2004). Review: Information technology and organizational performance: An integrative model of it business value. MIS Quarterly, 28, 283–322.
Metz, C. (2018). Mark Zuckerberg, Elon musk and the feud over killer robots. Retrieved February 11, 2019 from https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/09/technology/elon-musk-mark-zuckerberg-artificialintelligence.html.
Michael, K., & Miller, K. W. (2013). Big data: New opportunities and new challenges. Computer, 46(6), 22–24.
Michelman, P. (2017). Seeing beyond the Blockchain Hype. MIT Sloan Management Review, 58(Summer issue), 17–19.
Mills, D., Wang, K., Malone, B., Ravi, A., Marquardt, J., Chen, C., et al. (2016). Distributed ledger technology in payments, clearing, and settlement. Finance and Economics DiscussionSeries 2016-095. Washington: Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. https://doi.org/10.17016/FEDS.2016.095.
Monroe, D. (2017). Deep learning takes on translation. Communications of the ACM, 60(6), 12–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3077229.
Morabito, V. (2015). Big data and analytics: Strategic and organizational impacts. Cham: Springer.
Murphy, M. (2015). DHL: How a logistics firm evolved to provide ‘software as a service’. Computerworld UK from IDG. Retrieved April 27, 2020, from https://dzone.com/articles/best-news-saas-week-march-25.
Nadeem, A., Abedin, B., Cerpa, N., & Chew, E. (2018). Digital transformation & digital business strategy in electronic commerce-the role of organizational capabilities. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 13(2), 1–8.
Najafabadi, M. M., Villanustre, F., Khoshgoftaar, T. M., Seliya, N., Wald, R., & Muharemagic, E. (2015). Deep learning applications and challenges in big data analytics. Journal of Big Data, 2, 1.
Narayen, S. (2018). Key words for digital transformation/interviewer: P. Michelman. @mitsmr.
Necula, S.-C. (2017). Deep learning for distribution channels’ management. Informatica Economica, 21(4), 73–85. https://doi.org/10.12948/issn14531305/21.4.2017.06.
NewVantage Partners. (2019). Big data and AI Executive Survey 2019. January 01. Retrieved January 30, 2020 from http://newvantage.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Big-Data-Executive-Survey-2019-Findings-122718.pdf.
Nilsson, N. J. (2014). Principles of artificial intelligence. Los Altos, CA: Morgan Kaufmann.
O’Neal, T. (2018). The future of cloud computing in 2019. December 21. Retrieved from https://www.techradar.com/au/news/the-future-of-cloud-computing-in-2019.
Oana, O., Cosmin, T., & Valentin, N. C. (2017). Artificial intelligence—A new field of computer science which any business should consider. Ovidius University Annals, Economic Sciences Series, 17, 356–360.
Ohlhorst, F. (2013). Big data analytics: Turning big data into big money. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
Orcutt, M. (2019). Once hailed as unhackable, blockchains are now getting hacked. Retrieved February 10 from https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612974/once-hailed-as-unhackable-blockchains-are-now-getting-hacked/.
Orlikowski, W. J. (2007). Sociomaterial practices: Exploring technology at work. Organization Studies, 28, 1435–1448.
Perlich, C., Dalessandro, B., Raeder, T., Stitelman, O., & Provost, F. (2014). Machine learning for targeted display advertising: Transfer learning in action. Machine Learning, 95(1), 103–127.
Porter, M. E., & Millar, V. E. (1985). How information gives you competitive advantage. Harvard Business Review, 63, 149–160. Reprint: Service.
Rai, A. (2020). Explainable AI: From black box to glass box. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 48(1), 137–141.
Ransbotham, S., Kiron, D., & Reeves, M. (2017). Shaping business with artificial intelligence. Closing the Gap Between Ambition and Action. MIT Sloan Management Review. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://sloanreview.mit.edu/projects/reshaping-business-with-artificial-intelligence/?gclid=Cj0KCQiA4NTxBRDxARIsAHyp6gBlfEktUysnFLRqnD7LB9__73MFvg9WBZrnU5CKpNwoV01Xe-Vind4aAkPjEALw_wcB.
Re, R. M., & Solow-Niederman, A. (2019). Developing artificially intelligent justice (May 19, 2019). 22 Stanford Technology Law Review 242 (2019); UCLA School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 19-16. Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3390854.
Reddy, S., & Reinartz, W. (2017). Digital transformation and value creation: Sea change ahead. GfK Marketing Intelligence Review, 9(1), 10.
Sabi, H. M., Uzoka, F.-M. E., Langmia, K., & Njeh, F. N. (2016). Conceptualizing a model for adoption of cloud computing in education. International Journal of Information Management, 36(2), 183–191.
Sathi, A. (2012). Big data analytics: Disruptive technologies for changing the game. Boise. IBM Corporation., ID: MC Press.
Schweer, D., & Sahl, J. C. (2017). The digital transformation of industry—the benefit for Germany. In A. Abolhassan (Ed.), The drivers of digital transformation (pp. 23–31). Cham: Springer.
Schwertner, K. (2017). Digital transformation of business. Trakia Journal of Sciences, 15(1), 388–393.
Sebastian, I. M., Ross, J. W., Beath, C., Mocker, M., Moloney, K. G., & Fonstad, N. O. (2017). How big old companies navigate digital transformation. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(3), 197–213.
Seth, I & Kaplan, J. (2016). Banking on the Cloud. Digital Mckinsey. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/banking-on-the-cloud.
Shams, S. M. R., & Solima, L. (2019). Big data management: Implications of dynamic capabilities and data incubator. Management Decision, 57(8), 2113–2123. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-07-2018-0846.
Sharma, H., Bansal, H., & Sharma, A. (2015). Cloud computing on. Retereived April 24, 2020, from http://www.edureka.co/blog/what-is-cloud-computing.
Sharwood, S. (2018). CBA goes infrastructure-as-code. Private cloud cheaper than public cloud, dual use Azure and AWS for the same workloads. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.itnews.com.au/news/cbas-new-private-cloud-nears-completion-moves-to-infrastructure-as-code-511657.
Singh, A., & Hess, T. (2017). How chief digital officers promote the digital transformation of their companies. MIS Quarterly Executive, 16(1), 1–17.
Sklyar, V., & Kharchenko, V. (2019). Green assurance case: Applications for Internet of Things. In Green IT engineering: Social, business and industrial applications (pp. 351–371). Cham: Springer.
Syam, N., & Sharma, A. (2018). Waiting for a sales renaissance in the fourth industrial revolution: Machine learning and artificial intelligence in sales research and practice. Industrial Marketing Management, 69, 135–146.
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18(7), 509–533.
Tredinnick, L. (2017). Artificial intelligence and professional roles. Business Information Review, 34(1), 37–41.
Turgeman, L., May, J. H., & Sciulli, R. (2017). Insights from a machine learning model for predicting the hospital Length of Stay (LOS) at the time of admission. Expert Systems with Applications, 78, 376–385.
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Dong, J. Q., Fabian, N., et al. (2019). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research (in press).
Vickery, N. (2016). 5 ways big data is changing the gambling industry. https://datafloq.com/read/5-ways-big-data-is-changing-the-gambling-industry/2241. Accessed January 31 2020.
Von Leipzig, T., Gamp, M., Manz, D., Schöttle, K., Ohlhausen, P., Oosthuizen, G., et al. (2017). Initialising customer-orientated digital transformation in enterprises. Procedia Manufacturing, 8, 517–524.
Wamba, S. F., & Akter, S. (2019). Understanding supply chain analytics capabilities and agility for data-rich environments. International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 39(6), 887–912. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-01-2019-0025.
Wamba, S. F., Akter, S., Edwards, A., Chopin, G., & Gnanzou, D. (2015). How ‘big data’ can make big impact: Findings from a systematic review and a longitudinal case study. International Journal of Production Economics, 165, 234–246.
Wamba, S. F., & Queiroz, M. M. (2020). Blockchain in the operations and supply chain management: Benefits, challenges and future research opportunities. International Journal of Information Management, 52, 102064.
Wang, Z., Wang, N., Su, X., & Ge, S. (2020). An empirical study on business analytics affordances enhancing the management of cloud computing data security. International Journal of Information Management, 50, 387–394.
Weill, P., & Woerner, S. L. (2018). Is your company ready for a digital future? MIT Sloan Management Review, 59(2), 21–25.
Westerman, G., & Bonnet, D. (2015). Revamping your business through digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 56(3), 10.
Westerman, G., Bonnet, D., & Mcafee, A. (2014). The nine elements of digital transformation. MIT Sloan Management Review, 7. https://sloanreview.mit.edu/article/the-nine-elements-of-digital-transformation/. Accessed 24 Apr 2020.
Williamson, O. E. (1979). Transaction-cost economics: The governance of contractual relations. Journal of Law and Economics, 22, 233–261.
Williamson, O. E. (1981). The economics of organization: The transaction cost approach. American Journal of Sociology, 87, 548–577.
Wixom, B. H., Yen, B., & Relich, M. (2013). Maximizing value from business analytics. MIS Quarterly Executive, 12, 111–123.
World Economic Forum. (2016). Digital transformation of industries: Automotive industry. Retrieved February 1, 2020 from https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/accenture/conversion-assets/wef/pdf/accenture-automotive-industry.pdf.
World Economic Forum. (2017a). Digital transformation initiative: Professional services industry. Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/accenture/conversion-assets/wef/pdf/accenture-professional-services-industry.pdf.
World Economic Forum. (2017b). Digital transformation initiative: Consumer industry. Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/Accenture/Conversion-Assets/WEF/PDF/Accenture-Consumer-Industries.pdf#zoom=50.
World Economic Forum. (2017c). Digital transformation initiative: Media industry. Retrieved February 11, 2020 from https://www.accenture.com/_acnmedia/Accenture/Conversion-Assets/WEF/PDF/Accenture-Media-Industry.pdf#zoom=50.
Xia, F., Yang, L. T., Wang, L., & Vine, A. (2012). Internet of Things. International Journal of Communication Systems, 25(9), 1101–1102.
Xia, T., Zhang, W., Chiu, W. S., & Jing, C. (2020). Using cloud computing integrated architecture to improve delivery committed rate in smart manufacturing. Enterprise Information Systems, 1–20 (forthcoming).
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H.-N., & Wang, H. (2016). Blockchain challenges and opportunities: A survey. Work Pap.–2016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Akter, S., Michael, K., Uddin, M.R. et al. Transforming business using digital innovations: the application of AI, blockchain, cloud and data analytics. Ann Oper Res 308, 7–39 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03620-w
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10479-020-03620-w