Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to assess the role of silicon (Si; 0, 100, 200, and 300 mg L−1 Na2SiO3) in mitigating heat stress-induced growth deficiency, photosynthesis inhibition, and oxidative damage in soybean cultivars. Heat stress lowered root and shoot dry weights, which were noticeably improved by Si supplementation. Exposition to 200 mg L−1 Si caused a 45 and 34% increase in chlorophyll and Fv/Fm, respectively, compared to plants that received no Si. Net photosynthetic rate, intercellular CO2, and stomatal conductance were lowered due to heat stress and Si supplementation mitigated the adverse effect of heat stress on these attributes. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide generation, and electrolyte leakage were higher in heat-stressed soybean cultivars without Si as compared to those supplemented with Si. Accumulation of osmolytic cytosolutes such as proline and glycine betaine was also boosted by Si supplementation. In addition, Si treatment alleviated the destructive effects of heat stress by 63, 64, and 50% increases in total phenol, flavonol, and tocopherol contents, respectively. Interestingly, including Si in the heat-stressed soybean cultivars improved protein content and enhanced the activities of catalase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase, and lipoxygenase, while the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase were lowered by 30, 56, and 54%, respectively, compared to non-Si-treated cultivars. In conclusion, Si alleviated the adverse effect of heat stress in soybean cultivars by modulating photosynthesis, further accumulating osmolytes, and regulating the antioxidant system. However, large-scale and long-term field trials must be carried out to investigate the economic feasibility of Si application for alleviating heat shock stress.
Zusammenfassung
Das vorliegende Experiment wurde durchgeführt, um die Rolle von Silizium (Si; 0, 100, 200 und 300 mg L−1 Na2SiO3) bei der Abschwächung von durch Hitzestress verursachten Wachstumsdefiziten, Photosynthesehemmung und oxidativen Schäden bei Sojabohnensorten zu bewerten. Hitzestress verringerte das Trockengewicht von Wurzeln und Sprossen, was durch die Si-Supplementierung deutlich verbessert wurde. Die Gabe von 200 mg L−1 Si führte zu einem Anstieg des Chlorophylls und des Fv/Fm um 45 bzw. 34 % im Vergleich zu den Sorten, die kein Si erhielten. Die Nettophotosyntheserate, der interzelluläre CO2-Gehalt und die stomatäre Leitfähigkeit wurden durch den Hitzestress verringert, und die Si-Supplementierung milderte die nachteiligen Auswirkungen des Hitzestresses auf diese Eigenschaften. Darüber hinaus waren die Lipidperoxidation, die Wasserstoffperoxidbildung und der Elektrolytverlust bei hitzegestressten Sojabohnensorten ohne Si höher als bei den mit Si supplementierten Sorten. Die Anhäufung von osmolytischen Zytosoluten wie Prolin und Glycinbetain wurde durch die Si-Supplementierung ebenfalls erhöht. Darüber hinaus milderte die Si-Behandlung die zerstörerischen Auswirkungen des Hitzestresses durch einen Anstieg des Gesamtphenol‑, Flavonol- und Tocopherolgehalts um 63, 64 bzw. 50 %. Interessanterweise verbesserte der Zusatz von Si in den hitzegestressten Sojabohnensorten den Proteingehalt und steigerte die Aktivitäten von Katalase, Phenylalanin-Ammoniak-Lyase und Lipoxygenase, während die Aktivitäten von Superoxiddismutase, Peroxidase und Polyphenoloxidase im Vergleich zu nicht mit Si behandelten Sorten um 30, 56 bzw. 54 % gesenkt wurden. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass Si die nachteiligen Auswirkungen von Hitzestress bei Sojabohnensorten durch die Modulation der Photosynthese, die weitere Anhäufung von Osmolyten und die Regulierung des antioxidativen Systems abmildert. Es müssen jedoch groß angelegte und langfristige Feldversuche durchgeführt werden, um die wirtschaftliche Durchführbarkeit der Anwendung von Si zur Minderung von Hitzeschockstress zu untersuchen.
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P. Sharifi, R. Amirnia, and S. Shirani Bidabadi declare that they have no competing interests.
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Sharifi, P., Amirnia, R. & Shirani Bidabadi, S. Role of Silicon in Mediating Heat Shock Tolerance in Soybean. Gesunde Pflanzen 74, 397–411 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00617-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-021-00617-8