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Dynamic response of tree growth to changing environmental pollution

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Abstract

Long-term investigations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growth were carried out in the vicinity of one of the biggest air pollution sources in Lithuania—mineral fertilizers plant “Achema.” It is detected that initial stages of the dynamic tree response to the external stress factors in the polluted environment with an increased quantity of nitrogen compounds have started with a stimulation stage, followed by a gradual transition to a depression of growth. The recovery of the damaged stands took place along with the reduced environmental pollution, and the overdraft of the “normal” annual increment was a characteristic feature of all the investigated stands. This phase is still continuing for the most damaged stands. A very high individual variability of the tree growth response to the environmental impact is a characteristic feature of the damaged Scots pine stands. The homeostatic mechanisms of the survived trees stipulated reaching approximately the same or even higher growth rate as prior to the depression period, and the tree growth rate before the depression period can serve as the most powerful predictor of tree growth recovery capacity under the reduced environmental pollution. Crown defoliation is the next most important predictor of individual tree recovery capacity. Lower stand density and lower competition cause higher recovery capacity of damaged trees. The conclusion is made that a reduction in the environmental pollution on the local and regional scale and especially a decrease in emissions and deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds caused the recovery of damaged forests. These trends should be taken into account while analyzing and modeling forest dynamics. Interaction of environmental pollution and climatic factors is very important for the response of tree growth to the environmental stressors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Nature Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Vileikos 8, 44404, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Romualdas Juknys, Jone Venclovienė & Nerijus Jurkonis

  2. Faculty of Forestry and Ecology, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Studentų 11, Akademija, Kauno raj., 53356, Lithuania

    Algirdas Augustaitis, Almontas Kliučius & Edmundas Bartkevičius

  3. Faculty of Nature Sciences, Environmental Research Centre, Vytautas Magnus University, Ž.E. Žilibero 6, 46324, Kaunas, Lithuania

    Adomas Vitas

Authors
  1. Romualdas Juknys
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  2. Algirdas Augustaitis
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  3. Jone Venclovienė
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  4. Almontas Kliučius
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  5. Adomas Vitas
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  6. Edmundas Bartkevičius
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  7. Nerijus Jurkonis
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Correspondence to Adomas Vitas.

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Communicated by R. Matyssek.

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Juknys, R., Augustaitis, A., Venclovienė, J. et al. Dynamic response of tree growth to changing environmental pollution. Eur J Forest Res 133, 713–724 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0712-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-013-0712-3

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