Abstract
The corrections needed to realize integer ambiguity resolution-enabled precise point positioning (PPP-RTK) at a single-receiver user are often treated as if they are deterministic quantities. The present contribution aims to study and analyze the effect the neglected uncertainty of these corrections, which are subject to time delay, has on the PPP-RTK user ambiguity resolution and positioning performance. Next to the analyses of the estimation results, we emphasize their quality information and show to what extent the assumed positioning precision that the user is provided with differs from the minimum-variance counterpart under an incorrectly specified user stochastic model. We develop and present two alternatives to the fully populated error variance matrix of the PPP-RTK corrections that the user can reconstruct with limited information from the provider so as to properly weigh his corrected data and achieve close-to-optimal performance for high latencies. Supported by numerical results, our study demonstrates that the alternative variance matrices are sufficient enough for the user to obtain improved instantaneous PPP-RTK performance and a realistic precision description in the positioning domain.
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Data availability
GPS and Galileo code/phase measurements can be downloaded from the Curtin GNSS Research Centre (http://saegnss2.curtin.edu.au/ldc/). The precise orbit products have been downloaded from the online archives of the NASA Crustal Dynamics Data Information System (CDDIS; https://cddis.nasa.gov/archive/gnss/products/mgex/).
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the International GNSS Service (IGS) for providing the MGEX orbit products. The Curtin GNSS Research Centre kindly provided the GNSS data analyzed in this contribution. This support is gratefully acknowledged.
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Psychas, D., Khodabandeh, A. & Teunissen, P.J.G. Impact and mitigation of neglecting PPP-RTK correctional uncertainty. GPS Solut 26, 33 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01214-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-021-01214-y