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Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry

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Abstract

To determine the adverse effects against human dental pulp tissue, the sensitivity of human dental pulp cells (D824 cells) to 18 chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry was examined. The cytotoxicity, as determined by a decrease in colony-forming ability of cells treated with the chemical agents, increased as the concentration increased. As a quantitative measure of the cytotoxic effect, LC50, the concentration which induces a 50% lethality, was extrapolated from the concentration–response curves. The rank of the chemical agents according to their cytotoxic effect (LC50) was sodium arsenite > formaldehyde > hydrogen peroxide > zinc oxide > thymol ≈ iodoform ≈ eugenol > guaiacol > ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ≈ iodine > procaine > lidocaine ≈ chloramphenicol ≈ m-cresol > calcium hydroxide ≈ sodium hypochlorite ≈ phenol ≈ p-phenolsulfonic acid. To compare the cytotoxicity and the levels of apoptosis and mRNA expression of five genes related to the function of dental pulp tissue, D824 cells treated with the LC50 concentrations of chemical agents were assayed by the TUNEL method and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, respectively. The inducibility of apoptotic cells and the level of mRNA expression of the genes varied with the chemical agents, indicating that both effects occurred independent of the rank of cytotoxic effect of the chemical agents. The results not only provide information concerning cytotoxicity of various chemical agents to human dental pulp cells, but also show an insight into the diversity of the pharmacodynamic action of the chemical agents.

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Author notes

  1. Maki Ohno

    Present address: Faculty of Pharmacy, Teikyo Heisei University, 2289 Uruido, Ichihara, Chiba, 290-0193, Japan

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, 1-9-20 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8159, Japan

    Morio Kobayashi, Takeo W. Tsutsui, Tomoko Kobayashi, Maki Ohno, Yukari Higo & Takeki Tsutsui

  2. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Nippon Dental University Hospital, 2-3-16 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 102-8158, Japan

    Tomohiro Inaba

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  1. Morio Kobayashi
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Kobayashi, M., Tsutsui, T.W., Kobayashi, T. et al. Sensitivity of human dental pulp cells to eighteen chemical agents used for endodontic treatments in dentistry. Odontology 101, 43–51 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-011-0047-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-011-0047-9

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