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Stable cesium uptake and accumulation capacities of five plant species as influenced by bacterial inoculation and cesium distribution in the soil

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Abstract

The effects of inoculation with Bacillus and Azospirillum strains on growth and cesium accumulation of five plant species, Komatsuna, Amaranth, sorghum, common millet and buckwheat, grown on cesium-spiked soil were assessed for potential use in cesium remediation. Pot experiments were performed using “artificially” Cs-contaminated soil. Three treatments were applied based on Cs location in the soil. For a soil height of 15 cm in the pots, Cs was added as follows: in the top five cm to imitate no ploughing condition; in the bottom five cm simulating inverted ploughing; and uniformly distributed Cs reproducing normal plowing. Generally, inoculation of Cs-exposed plants significantly enhanced growth and tolerance to this element. Transfer factor (ratio of Cs concentration in the plant tissues to that in surrounding soil) was strongly influenced by Cs distribution, with higher values in the top-Cs treatment. Within this treatment, inoculation of Komatsuna with Bacillus and Azospirillum strains resulted in the greatest transfer factors of 6.55 and 6.68, respectively. Cesium content in the shoots was high in the Azospirillum-inoculated Komatsuna, Amaranth, and buckwheat, i.e., 1,830, 1,220, and 1,030 µg per pot, respectively (five plants were grown in each pot). Therefore, inoculation of Komatsuna and Amaranth with the strains tested here could be effective in enhancing Cs accumulation. The decrease of Cs transfer under uniform- and bottom-Cs treatments would suggest that countermeasures aiming at decreasing the transfer of Cs could rely on ploughing practices.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Special Research Fund of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan titled “Research and development of security and safe crop production to reconstruct agricultural lands in Fukushima prefecture based on novel techniques to remove radioactive compounds using advanced bio-fertilizer and plant protection strategies”. This work was also supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B):24380176 from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). The authors are also grateful for Dr. Haruo Tanaka from soil science laboratory at Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology for providing soil analysis data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Production Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-chou, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Salem Djedidi, Katsuhiro Kojima, Hiroko Yamaya, Naoko Ohkama-Ohtsu & Tadashi Yokoyama

  2. Department of International Environmental and Agricultural Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-chou, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Sonoko Dorothea Bellingrath-Kimura

  3. Department of Environmental and Natural Resources, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8 Saiwai-chou, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8509, Japan

    Izumi Watanabe

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  1. Salem Djedidi
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  2. Katsuhiro Kojima
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Correspondence to Tadashi Yokoyama.

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Djedidi, S., Kojima, K., Yamaya, H. et al. Stable cesium uptake and accumulation capacities of five plant species as influenced by bacterial inoculation and cesium distribution in the soil. J Plant Res 127, 585–597 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10265-014-0647-x

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