Abstract
Larvae of the Californian anchovy (Engraulis mordax) in the upper Gulf of California were identified. The finding was achieved with partial sequences of 16S rRNA (479 bp) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (580 bp) of mtDNA. High abundance of preflexion larvae (64 % of the sampling stations) in the northeastern upper Gulf, combined with environmental conditions (temperature: 17–18 °C; salinity: 35.8–36.0 g/kg; dissolved oxygen: 5.5–6.5 mL/L; chlorophyll a: 1.5–3.0 mg/m3), support an undescribed spawning habitat of E. mordax in the Gulf of California.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Manuel O. Nevárez-Martínez (Centro Regional de Investigaciones Pesqueras) and Peggy J. Turk-Boyer (Centro Intercultural de Estudios de Desiertos y Oceános) for donating specimens of Anchovia macrolepidota and Cetengraulis mysticetus. Adrián F. González Acosta and José De La Cruz Agüero of CICIMAR verified the identity of adult fish. Carlos Cabrera-Ramos of CICESE analyzed the physical data. N.D.V. and L.S.V. received funding from SIP projects 20140752 and 20140539 of IPN-CICIMAR. L.S.V. received financial support from SEP-CONACYT project (2010-105922) and a joint grant with M.F.L. of CICESE from the David and Lucille Packard Foundation (2010-36137). Two anonymous reviewers provided suggestions that improved the manuscript. Ira Fogel of CIBNOR provided extensive editing services.
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This work is dedicated to the late M.F. Lavín, one of the authors.
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Díaz-Viloria, N., Sánchez-Velasco, L., Lavín, M.F. et al. Genetic corroboration of Engraulis mordax larvae in the upper Gulf of California, a previously undescribed spawning habitat. Ichthyol Res 62, 230–235 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-014-0423-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10228-014-0423-x