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Long-term oncological outcome in men with T3 prostate cancer: radical prostatectomy versus external-beam radiation therapy at a single institution

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Abstract

Background

This study was designed to compare the long-term oncological outcome of patients with clinical T3 (cT3) prostate cancer (PCA) treated with either radical prostatectomy (RP) or external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and to identify predictors of oncological outcomes.

Methods

A total of 231 patients with cT3 PCA underwent either RP (n = 112) or EBRT (n = 119). Local progression-free (LPFS), distant metastasis-free (DMFS), cancer-specific (CSS), and overall survival curves were generated with the Kaplan–Meier method, and the differences in survival rates between the two groups were assessed with a log-rank test. Cox proportional stepwise multivariate analysis was used to assess the association of variables to the oncological outcomes.

Results

The median follow-up of the RP and EBRT groups was 93 and 85 months, respectively (p = 0.004).The 10-year LPFS, DMFS, and CSS rates were not statistically different between the two groups (90.2, 73.9, and 93.7 % in the RP group and 82.7, 88.2, and 85.1 % in the EBRT group; p = 0.25, 0.10, and 0.10, respectively). The Cox proportional multivariate analysis revealed that clinical T3b (cT3b) (p = 0.001) and a biopsy Gleason score of 7–10 (p = 0.043) were significant predictors of cancer-specific mortality and that cT3b was also a significant predictor of local progression and all-cause mortality.

Conclusion

In cT3 PCA, both RP and EBRT provide an excellent long-term oncological outcome. cT3b was the strongest predictor of oncological outcome for the patients with locally advanced PCA who underwent the definitive therapy.

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Conflict of interest

None declared.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto, Tokyo, 135-8550, Japan

    Shinya Yamamoto, Satoru Kawakami, Junji Yonese, Yasuhisa Fujii, Shinji Urakami, Shinichi Kitsukawa, Hitoshi Masuda & Iwao Fukui

  2. Department of Pathology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Yuichi Ishikawa

  3. Department of Radiation Oncology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Takuyo Kozuka & Masahiko Oguchi

  4. Department of Radiology, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan

    Atsushi Kohno

Authors
  1. Shinya Yamamoto
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  2. Satoru Kawakami
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  3. Junji Yonese
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  4. Yasuhisa Fujii
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  5. Shinji Urakami
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  6. Shinichi Kitsukawa
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  7. Hitoshi Masuda
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  8. Yuichi Ishikawa
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  9. Takuyo Kozuka
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  10. Masahiko Oguchi
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  11. Atsushi Kohno
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  12. Iwao Fukui
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shinya Yamamoto.

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Yamamoto, S., Kawakami, S., Yonese, J. et al. Long-term oncological outcome in men with T3 prostate cancer: radical prostatectomy versus external-beam radiation therapy at a single institution. Int J Clin Oncol 19, 1085–1091 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-013-0654-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10147-013-0654-2

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