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Genotypic-dependent effects of N fertilizer, glutathione, silicon, zinc, and selenium on proteomic profiles, amino acid contents, and quality of rice genotypes with contrasting grain Cd accumulation

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Abstract

Soil heavy metal (HM) contamination has posed a serious problem for safe food production. For restricting the translocation of HM into grain, many proteins were regulated to involve in the process. To identify these proteins, 2D-based proteomic analysis was carried out using different rice genotypes with distinct Cd accumulation in grains and as affected by an alleviating regulator (AR) in field experiments. AR application improved grain quality, with increased contents in Glu, Cys, His, Pro, and protein. Twenty-six low-grain HM accumulation-associated protein species were identified and categorized as physiological functions via two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry. Among these proteins, 8, 9, and 9 proteins exhibited higher accumulation, lower accumulation, and unchanged accumulation, respectively, in Xiushui817 (low accumulator) vs R8097 (high accumulator) under control conditions but showed differential accumulation patterns after AR application. These proteins included sucrose synthase 3, alanine aminotransferase, glutelin, cupin family protein, and zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 32. The differential expression of these protein species might contribute to decreased HM accumulation in grain via decreasing the protein accumulation which had high affinity to HM or regulating energy metabolism and signal transduction. Our findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms of low-grain HM accumulation in rice and possible utilization of candidate protein species in developing low-grain HM accumulation genotypes.

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Abbreviations

AAT:

Alanine aminotransferase

Ala:

Alanine

AR:

Alleviating regulator

Arg:

Arginine

Asp:

Aspartic acid

CAM:

Calmodulin

CCSPK:

Calcium and calcium/calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase

Cd:

Cadmium

Cys:

Cysteine

DW:

Dry weight

ELBP:

Endosperm lumenal binding protein

His:

Histidine

Ile:

Isoleucine

GSH:

Glutathione

Glu:

Glutamic acid

GLP:

Germin-like protein 3

Gly:

Glycine

GPAT:

Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase small subunit

HM:

Heavy metal

LEA:

Late embryogenesis abundant protein 1

Leu:

Leucine

Met:

Methionine

Lys:

Lysine

MPC:

Maximum permissible concentration

NIRS:

Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

Phe:

Phenylalanine

PGK:

Phosphoglycerate kinase

Pro:

Proline

Se:

Selenium

Ser:

Serine

Si:

Silicon

SS:

Sucrose synthase 3

Thr:

Threonine

TPI:

Triosephosphate isomerase

Tyr:

Tyrosine

Val:

Valine

ZFDP:

Zinc finger CCCH domain-containing protein 32

Zn:

Zinc

2D:

Two-dimensional gel

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; China Postdoctoral Science Foundation funded project (2015M570513, 2016T90542), and The Key Research Foundation of Science & Technology Department of Zhejiang Province of China (2009C12050). We deeply appreciate Ms. Mei Li from 985-Institute of Agrobiology and Environmental Science (985-IAES) of Zhejiang University, for her kind help with the experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zijingang Campus, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Fangbin Cao, Manman Fu, Runfeng Wang, Guoping Zhang & Feibo Wu

  2. Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, 314016, People’s Republic of China

    Wangda Cheng

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  1. Fangbin Cao
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Correspondence to Feibo Wu.

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Cao, F., Fu, M., Wang, R. et al. Genotypic-dependent effects of N fertilizer, glutathione, silicon, zinc, and selenium on proteomic profiles, amino acid contents, and quality of rice genotypes with contrasting grain Cd accumulation. Funct Integr Genomics 17, 387–397 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-016-0540-x

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