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Identification of drought tolerant progenies in tea by gene expression analysis

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Abstract

Understanding the genes that govern tea plant (Camellia sinensis) architecture and response to drought stress is urgently needed to enhance breeding in tea with improved water use efficiency. Field drought is a slow mechanism and the plants go through an adaptive process in contrast to the drastic changes of rapid dehydration in case of controlled experiments. We identified a set of drought responsive genes under controlled condition using SSH, and validated the identified genes and their pattern of expression under field drought condition. The study was at three stages of water deficit stress viz., before wilting, wilting and recovery, which revealed a set of genes with higher expression at before wilting stage including dehydrin, abscissic acid ripening protein, glutathione peroxidase, cinnamoyl CoA reductase, calmodulin binding protein. The higher expression of these genes was related with increase tolerance character of DT/TS-463 before wilting, these five tolerant progenies could withstand drought stress and thus are candidates for breeding. We observed that physiological parameter like water use efficiency formed a close group with genes such as calmodulin related, DRM3, hexose transporter, hydrogen peroxide induced protein, ACC oxidase, lipase, ethylene responsive transcription factor and diaminopimelate decarboxylase, during wilting point. Our data provides valuable information for the gene components and the dynamics of gene expression in second and third leaf against drought stress in tea, which could be regarded as candidate targets potentially associated with drought tolerance. We propose that the identified five tolerant progenies on the basis of their drought tolerance can thus be utilised for future breeding programmes.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr. M. Hazarika, Director TRA, Dr. Renu Swarup, Advisor, DBT, Govt. of India, and Dr. Anamika Gambhir, Principal Scientist, DBT for constant encouragement and support. The work was supported by generous funding from DBT, Govt. of India.

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EST data was deposited in the NCBI database (HS395562- HS396831).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Plant Improvement Division, Tea Research Association, Tocklai, Jorhat, 785008, Assam, India

    Sushmita Gupta, Raju Bharalee, Tirthankar Bandyopadhyay, Bornali Gohain, Niraj Agarwal, Parveen Ahmed, Hemanta Saikia & Sudripta Das

  2. Department of Biotechnology, J.B. College, Jorhat, Assam, India

    Sangeeta Borchetia

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, Assam, India

    M. C. Kalita & A. K. Handique

  4. Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Assam Agriculture University, Jorhat, Assam, India

    Priyadarshini Bhorali

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  1. Sushmita Gupta
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Correspondence to Sudripta Das.

Additional information

Sushmita Gupta and Raju Bharalee contributed equally.

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The following materials are available in the online version of this article.

Supplementary Figure F1

Gene expression analysis of TV23 and S.3A/3 clones at three stages of induced drought for selection of transcripts. (DOC 93 kb)

Supplementary Table S1

Soil characteristics and weather condition of field drought experimental site. (DOC 32 kb)

Supplementary Table S2

The set up for the ligation reactions. (DOC 30 kb)

Supplementary Table S3

The set up for the first hybridization reaction. (DOC 30 kb)

Supplementary Table S4

GenBank accession number and primer pair sequences for the house keeping genes used as internal standards for Quantitative Real Time PCR analysis. (DOC 30 kb)

Supplementary Table S5

Homologies of drought induced unigenes of tea with the sequences in the NCBI database. (DOC 369 kb)

Supplementary Table S6

KEGG based pathway analysis of drought related unigenes of tea. The presence of enzyme is denoted by red colour and absence by green colour. (BWF = Before wilting forward library; BWR = Before wilting reverse library; WF = Wilting forward library; WR = Wilting reverse library). (DOC 98 kb)

Supplementary Table S7

Comparison of GOs based on biological process of drought responsive transcripts at two stages of drought stress. The presence of GOs is represented by red colour and absence by green colour. (BWF = Before wilting forward library; BWR = Before wilting reverse library; WF = Wilting forward library; WR = Wilting reverse library). (DOC 160 kb)

Supplementary Table S8

Comparison of GOs based on molecular function of drought responsive transcripts at two stages of drought stress. The presence of GOs is represented by red colour and absence by green colour. (BWF = Before wilting forward library; BWR = Before wilting reverse library; WF = Wilting forward library; WR = Wilting reverse library). (DOC 129 kb)

Supplementary Table S9

Comparison of GOs based on cellular component of drought responsive transcripts at two stages of drought stress. The presence of GOs is represented by red colour and absence by green colour. (BWF = Before wilting forward library; BWR = Before wilting reverse library; WF = Wilting forward library; WR = Wilting reverse library). (DOC 66 kb)

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Gupta, S., Bharalee, R., Bhorali, P. et al. Identification of drought tolerant progenies in tea by gene expression analysis. Funct Integr Genomics 12, 543–563 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10142-012-0277-0

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