Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The disease has been linked with gut microbiota dysbiosis in which the balance of commensal communities is disrupted. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that treatment with biologically active compounds can modulate gut microbiota composition in animal models. Our previous work has also shown the beneficial effect of Luem Pua (LP) rice extract, which is rich in anthocyanins, on inflammation. However, its effect on gut microbiota is yet to be explored. In this study, we profiled fecal microbiota of acetic acid (AA)–induced UC and indomethacin (ID)–induced CD rat models with and without pretreatment with LP rice extract by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The results showed that gut microbiota communities of rats were altered by both AA-induced UC and ID-induced CD. The relative abundances of beneficial bacteria, especially the Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group and Lactobacillus, were decreased in the AA-induced UC model, while some opportunistic pathogens (Bacteroides, Escherichia/Shigella, Fusobacterium, and Veillonella) were raised by ID-induced CD. Interestingly, pretreatment with LP rice extract before AA-inducing UC in rats increased the proportion of the butyrate-producing bacteria (Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group). The abundances of these beneficial bacteria and other SCFA-producing bacteria were unaffected by the indomethacin treatment with LP. Overall, our study revealed different impacts of AA-induced UC and ID-induced CD on changes in community composition and hinted at how LP may protect against UC by modifying the gut microbiota.
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Data availability
The raw sequence data generated during the current study are available in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) repository under the BioProject accession number PRJNA785748 (BioSample accession numbers SAMN23575674–SAMN23575697) (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/biopro ject/PRJNA785748).
Abbreviations
- CD:
-
Crohn’s disease
- IBD:
-
Inflammatory bowel disease
- LP:
-
Luem Pua rice extract
- UC:
-
Ulcerative colitis
- AA-induce UC:
-
Acetic acid–induced ulcerative colitis
- D0C:
-
Control group on day 0 of acetic acid–induced ulcerative colitis
- D7C:
-
Control group on day 7 of acetic acid–induced ulcerative colitis
- D7AA:
-
Acute acetic acid–induced ulcerative colitis
- D7AALP:
-
Acute acetic acid–induced ulcerative colitis pretreated with Luem Pua rice extract
- ID-induce CD:
-
Indomethacin-induced Crohn’s disease
- D0DW:
-
Control group on day 0 of chronic indomethacin-induced Crohn’s disease
- D11DW:
-
Control group on day 11 of chronic indomethacin-induced Crohn’s disease
- D11ID:
-
Chronic indomethacin-induced Crohn’s disease
- D11IDLP:
-
Chronic indomethacin-induced Crohn’s disease pretreated with Luem Pua rice extract
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Acknowledgements
We thank Mae Fah Luang University for supporting the Gut Microbiome Research Group.
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This work was funded by Mae Fah Luang University.
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Kornsuda Thipart, Kutcharin Phunikhom, Jintana Sattayasai, and Siam Popluechai conceived and designed the study. Kornsuda Thipart performed the experiments. Lucsame Gruneck analyzed the data and prepared the figures. Kornsuda Thipart, Lucsame Gruneck, and Siam Popluechai wrote the original draft. Kutcharin Phunikhom, Thomas J. Sharpton, Jintana Sattayasai, Lucsame Gruneck, and Siam Popluechai reviewed and edited the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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All procedures were complied with the standards for the care and use of experimental animals and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Khon Kaen University according to the Ethics of Animal Experimentation of National Research Council of Thailand (Ethics Registry: ACUC-KKU-21/2560). Animal use was constrained to abide with the Buddhist moral of the country.
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Thipart, K., Gruneck, L., Phunikhom, K. et al. Dark-purple rice extract modulates gut microbiota composition in acetic acid– and indomethacin-induced inflammatory bowel disease in rats. Int Microbiol 26, 423–434 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00309-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10123-022-00309-x