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Irradiation by high-intensity red light-emitting diode enhances human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation and mineralization through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway

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Abstract

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) using a light-emitting diode (LED) has been employed for various photomedicine studies. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a high-intensity red LED on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and the related mechanism. BMSCs were subjected to high-intensity red LED (LZ1-00R205 Deep Red LED) irradiations for 0 to 40 s with energy densities ranging from 0 to 8 J/cm2. The distance from the LED to the cell layer was 40 mm. The spot size on the target was 4 cm2. Cell proliferation was measured at 3, 24, 48, and 72 h. The effects of LED irradiation on osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were examined with a particular focus on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The high-intensity red LED irradiations did not alter BMSC proliferation after 72 h. LED exposure of 6 J/cm2 (30 s) led to significant enhancements of osteogenic differentiation and mineralization. Additionally, the high-intensity LED irradiation induced activation of Wnt/β-catenin. The effects of the high-intensity LED irradiation on BMSC osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were suppressed by treatment with the Wnt/β-catenin inhibitor XAV939. P < 0.05 was considered significant. The results indicate that high-intensity red LED irradiation increases BMSC osteogenic differentiation and mineralization via Wnt/β-catenin activation. Therefore, short duration irradiation with a portable high-intensity LED may be used as a potential approach in hard tissue regeneration therapy.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (16K11617, 17K11818, and 18K17080) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (Tokyo, Japan), and a Research Promotion Grant (19-05) from Osaka Dental University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Osaka Dental University, 8-1, Kuzuhahanazono-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan

    Yaru Ruan, Hirohito Kato, Yoichiro Taguchi, Nobuhiro Yamauchi & Makoto Umeda

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  1. Yaru Ruan
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  2. Hirohito Kato
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  3. Yoichiro Taguchi
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  4. Nobuhiro Yamauchi
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by Yaru Ruan, Hirohito Kato, Yoichiro Taguchi, Nobuhiro Yamauchi, and Makoto Umeda. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Yaru Ruan and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Yoichiro Taguchi.

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Ruan, Y., Kato, H., Taguchi, Y. et al. Irradiation by high-intensity red light-emitting diode enhances human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation and mineralization through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Lasers Med Sci 36, 55–65 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-020-03002-5

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