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Suppressive effect of low-level laser therapy on tracheal hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in rat subjected to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion

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Abstract

Intestinal ischemia and reperfusion (i-I/R) is an insult associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It is not known if pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators in ARDS induced by i-I/R can be controlled by low-level laser therapy (LLLT). This study was designed to evaluate the effect of LLLT on tracheal cholinergic reactivity dysfunction and the release of inflammatory mediators from the lung after i-I/R. Anesthetized rats were subjected to superior mesenteric artery occlusion (45 min) and killed after clamp release and preestablished periods of intestinal reperfusion (30 min, 2 or 4 h). The LLLT (660 nm, 7.5 J/cm2) was carried out by irradiating the rats on the skin over the right upper bronchus for 15 and 30 min after initiating reperfusion and then euthanizing them 30 min, 2, or 4 h later. Lung edema was measured by the Evans blue extravasation technique, and pulmonary neutrophils were determined by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Pulmonary tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-10 (IL-10), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and isoform of NO synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. TNF-α, IL-10, and iNOS proteins in the lung were measured by the enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. LLLT (660 nm, 7.5 J/cm2) restored the tracheal hyperresponsiveness and hyporesponsiveness in all the periods after intestinal reperfusion. Although LLLT reduced edema and MPO activity, it did not do so in all the postreperfusion periods. It was also observed with the ICAM-1 expression. In addition to reducing both TNF-α and iNOS, LLLT increased IL-10 in the lungs of animals subjected to i-I/R. The results indicate that LLLT can control the lung's inflammatory response and the airway reactivity dysfunction by simultaneously reducing both TNF-α and iNOS.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the financial support of FAPESP (São Paulo State Research Foundation) through Grants 2008/08048-4 and 2008/08838-5.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Nove de Julho, UNINOVE, Rua Vergueiro, 235, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Flávia Mafra de Lima & Regiane Albertini

  2. Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de São Paulo – USP, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1524, CEP: 05508-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Luana Vitoretti & Wothan Tavares de Lima

  3. Laboratório de Radicais Livres, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748, CEP: 05508-00, São Paulo, Brazil

    Fernando Coelho

  4. Laboratório de Cirurgia Cardiovascular e Fisiopatologia da Circulação (LIM-11), Hospital das Clínicas - FMUSP, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 445, CEP: 01246-093, São Paulo, Brazil

    Ana Cristina Breithaupt-Faloppa

  5. Department of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil

    Flávio Aimbire

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  1. Flávia Mafra de Lima
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  2. Luana Vitoretti
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  3. Fernando Coelho
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  6. Wothan Tavares de Lima
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Correspondence to Flávio Aimbire.

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de Lima, F.M., Vitoretti, L., Coelho, F. et al. Suppressive effect of low-level laser therapy on tracheal hyperresponsiveness and lung inflammation in rat subjected to intestinal ischemia and reperfusion. Lasers Med Sci 28, 551–564 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1088-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-012-1088-1

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