Abstract
The electric vehicle industry has been rapidly developing internationally. Electric vehicle batteries (EVBs) are perceived as a low environmental impact energy storage technology. While the service life of an EVB is relatively long, a significant number of battery packs will reach the end of their service lives eventually. The end-of-life (EOL) EVBs may still have appreciable residual value for remanufacturing and secondary use. Some solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) layers will persist on the surface of electrodes deposit after a period of continuous cycling, causing the battery degradation and failure. An approach to battery end-of-life management was introduced involving remanufacturing of the cathode from EOL lithium-ion battery electrodes, and a recent study on remanufacturing process of the degraded EVBs using pulse laser to radiate SEI on the electrode surface was presented in this paper, here on a laboratory scale. Based on experimental data, the SEI film removal was carried out with laser energy intensity ranging from 0.035 to 0.169 J/mm2. The remanufactured cathodes were characterized through a combination of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and wavelength dispersive spectrometer, respectively. The experimental results indicated that the remanufacturing treatments were successful in removing the EOL by-products (e.g., SEI films) and upgrading the cathode to its pre-cycling functionality. It is suggested that the fade capacity of a lithium-ion battery can be recovered by using laser radiation method.
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Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (51305063), Specialised Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20130041120002), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (DUT14RC(4)21), and the National 973 Program (2011CB013402).
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Liu, Ww., Zhang, H., Liu, Lh. et al. Remanufacturing cathode from end-of-life of lithium-ion secondary batteries by Nd:YAG laser radiation. Clean Techn Environ Policy 18, 231–243 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-1010-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-015-1010-1