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Effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccination during childhood (<7 years of age) for preventing pertussis in household contacts 1–9 years old in Catalonia and Navarra (Spain)

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Abstract

Pertussis vaccination with 4–5 doses of acellular vaccines is recommended in Spain to all children at 2 months to 6 years of age. The effectiveness of the acellular pertussis vaccination was assessed in this study by comparing the incidence of secondary pertussis in vaccinated (4–5 doses) and unvaccinated or partially vaccinated (0–3 doses) household contacts 1–9 years old of confirmed cases of pertussis in Spain in 2012–13. Eighty-five percent of contacts had been vaccinated with 4–5 doses of acellular pertussis vaccines. During the 2-year study period, 64 cases of secondary pertussis were detected among 405 household contacts 1–9 years old: 47 among vaccinated and 17 among unvaccinated or partially vaccinated contacts. The effectiveness for preventing secondary pertussis, calculated as 1 minus the relative risk (RR) of secondary pertussis in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated/partially vaccinated contacts, was 50 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 19–69 %, p < 0.01] when household contacts were vaccinated using DTaP, Tdap, hexavalent or heptavalent vaccines, and it was 51.3 % (95 % CI: 21–70 %, p < 0.01) when they were vaccinated using DTaP or TdaP vaccines. The effectiveness adjusted for age, sex, pertussis chemotherapy and type of household contact was 58.6 % (95 % CI: 17–79 %, p < 0.05) when contacts were vaccinated using available acellular vaccines, and it was 59.6 % (95 % CI: 18–80 %, p < 0.01) when they were vaccinated using DTaP vaccines. Acellular pertussis vaccination during childhood was effective for preventing secondary pertussis in household contacts 1–9 years old of pertussis cases in Catalonia and Navarra, Spain.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the collaboration of the Working Group “Transmission of Pertussis in Households”: Pedro Plans, Josep Alvarez, Cesar Arias, Irene Barrabeig, Neus Camps, Glòria Carmona, Mónica Carol, Maria Company, Joaquim Ferràs, Miquel Alsedà, Glòria Ferrús, Pere Godoy, Mireia Jané, Sofia Minguell, Raquel Rodríguez; María-Rosa Sala and Roser Torra (Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya); Inma Crespo, Diana Toledo, Àngela Domínguez and Rubén Solano (CIBERESP); Joan Caylà, Sara Lafuente and Cristina Rius (Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona); Marta Villanova, Hector de Paz, Iolanda Jordan, Pedro Brotons and Carmen Muñoz-Almagro (Hospital de Sant Joan de Dèu, Barcelona); Manuel García-Cenoz, Jesus Castilla and Rosana Burgui (Institute of Public Health of Navarra).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health of Catalonia, Public Health Agency of Catalonia, Roc Boronat 83–95, 008005, Barcelona, Spain

    P. Plans, M. R. Sala, N. Camps, R. Rodríguez, J. Alvarez, I. Barrabeig, P. Godoy & S. Minguell

  2. CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    P. Plans, D. Toledo, M. García-Cenoz & P. Godoy

  3. Molecular Microbiology Department, University Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain

    M. Villanova

  4. Public Health Agency of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    R. Solano

  5. Institute of Public Health of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

    M. García-Cenoz

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  1. P. Plans
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  2. D. Toledo
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  3. M. R. Sala
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Correspondence to P. Plans.

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Funding

The study was funded by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (FIS PI11/02557) and Fondos FEDER.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

The Research Ethics Board of the University Hospital Sant Joan de Deu of Barcelona reviewed and approved the objectives and methodology of the study.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all participants or their parents to participate in the study.

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Plans, P., Toledo, D., Sala, M.R. et al. Effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccination during childhood (<7 years of age) for preventing pertussis in household contacts 1–9 years old in Catalonia and Navarra (Spain). Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 35, 2059–2067 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-016-2766-x

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