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Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Cameroonian hospitals

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Abstract

Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been described worldwide, but there are few reports on the carriage of these bacteria in Cameroon. In order to investigate the types of ESBLs and to analyse some risk factors associated with ESBL carriage, faecal samples were collected between 3 January and 3 April 2009 from hospitalised patients at Yaounde Central Hospital and at two hospitals in Ngaoundere, Cameroon. Enterobacterial isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins were screened for ESBL production using the double-disk synergy test. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing were performed in order to find out the different types of ESBL genes in presumptive ESBL-positive isolates. During the study period, a total of 121 different patients were screened for ESBL carriage. The prevalence among these patients whose faecal samples were found to contain ESBL-producers was 55.3 % (67/121). According to a univariate analysis, hospitalisation during the previous year was found to be associated with ESBL carriage. Of the 71 bacteria isolated, Escherichia coli was predominant and represented 48 % of all isolates. ESBL characterisation revealed two types of ESBLs, CTX-M-15 (96 %) and SHV-12 (4 %). The present study emphasises the importance of screening for ESBLs in laboratories in African countries. The monitoring and detection of ESBL-producing bacteria are important in the setting up of appropriate treatment of patients and to ensure effective infection control efforts.

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Acknowledgements

This study was performed at Yaounde Central Hospital, Ngaoundere Protestant Hospital and Ngaoundere Regional Hospital in Cameroon. We thank the authorities of these institutions for enabling us to conduct this study. We are grateful to the Chief Doctor, Simon Z. Aroga, who contributed to the study. We sincerely thank Moїse Woachie and all the laboratory technicians for their help in the collection of samples and in the interviews with the patients.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman (B23), 4000, Liège, Belgium

    C. M. Lonchel, P. Melin, R. Boreux & P. De Mol

  2. Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies, CRPMT, P.O. Box 8404, Yaounde, Cameroon

    J. Gangoué-Piéboji

  3. Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 8445, Yaounde, Cameroon

    M.-C. O. Assoumou

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  1. C. M. Lonchel
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  2. P. Melin
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  3. J. Gangoué-Piéboji
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  4. M.-C. O. Assoumou
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  5. R. Boreux
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  6. P. De Mol
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Correspondence to C. M. Lonchel.

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Lonchel, C.M., Melin, P., Gangoué-Piéboji, J. et al. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Cameroonian hospitals. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 32, 79–87 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-012-1717-4

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