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Effects of milling on aromatics, lipophilic phytonutrients, and fatty acids in unprocessed white rice of scented rice ‘Cheonjihyang-1-se’

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Abstract

To understand effects of milling, scented rice ‘Cheonjihyang-1-se’ was milled from 10 to 140 s and changes in volatiles, phytonutrients, and fatty acids were evaluated. Among 43 identified odor-active compounds, four volatiles, including hexan-3-one, exhibited decreases of up to 78%, while four others including (E)-non-2-enal, increased following milling. Levels of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, the most distinctive popcorn-flavoring compound in scented rice, were not affected by the degree of milling (DM). Partial least squares discriminant analyses of volatiles were able to differentiate white rice according to the DM. Benzene and 2-pentylfuran showed the highest variable importance in projection scores, which could be applied in estimating the DM of rice. Milling significantly decreased tocopherols, tocotrienols, squalene, phytosterols contents and oleic acid composition, while palmitic acid composition was increased. These results suggest milling-dependent variations in phytonutrient levels and lipid composition, as well as changes in aroma and subsequent market quality, in ‘Cheonjihyang-1-se’ rice.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (IPET) through the High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, funded by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA) (115011-03-1-HD030) and a Soonchunhyang University Research Grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, 31538, Republic of Korea

    M. M. Chayan Mahmud & Young-Sang Lee

  2. SeedPia, Suwon, 16398, Republic of Korea

    Yejin Oh & Tae-Hyeong Kim

  3. CJ Jeiljedang Corporation, Seoul, 04560, Republic of Korea

    Yoo-Hyun Cho

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  1. M. M. Chayan Mahmud
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  2. Yejin Oh
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Correspondence to Young-Sang Lee.

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Mahmud, M.M.C., Oh, Y., Kim, TH. et al. Effects of milling on aromatics, lipophilic phytonutrients, and fatty acids in unprocessed white rice of scented rice ‘Cheonjihyang-1-se’ . Food Sci Biotechnol 27, 383–392 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-017-0259-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-017-0259-z

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