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Influence of heat treatment temperature of carbon fiber felt substrate on polyaniline electrosynthesis and its properties

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Abstract

Polyaniline was electrosynthesized using three voltammetric cycles on carbon fiber felts annealed at 1400, 1600, 2000, and 2300 K. Felts and composites was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Annealing temperatures increasing provides more crystalline felts. The increase of capacitance is due to presence of functional groups that attract a lot of charge to double layer. Capacitance found for felts treated in 1400 K is larger compared to felts treated in 2300 K. The functional groups presence on annealed felts at lower temperature implies polyaniline growth in several orientations and regions, evidenced by the high heteroatoms ratios which decrease with increasing annealing temperature. Therefore, for higher temperatures, the polyaniline growth occurs at several additional orientations. The polyaniline oxidation degree was close to emeraldine allowing mobile charge presence. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy confirmed that as temperature decreases, resistance of inner and outer double layer decreases. To 1600 K annealing, polyaniline showed an increase in inner double layer capacitance which can be confirmed by lower ratio between bipolarons and polarons. The tendency to increase energy and power density is most prominent for polyaniline at 2300 K felt.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank for technician support or AMR/IAE, AQI/IAE, and LAS/INPE.

Funding

The authors are grateful for the financial support of FAPESP (project 2016/11462-3). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Tecnológico da Aeronáutica, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil

    Anne Karoline dos Santos Poli, Rodrigo Barbosa Hilário, Mauricio Ribeiro Baldan & Emerson Sarmento Gonçalves

  2. Laboratório de Caracterização Físico-Química, Divisão de Materiais, Instituto da Aeronáutica e Espaço, Praça Marechal Eduardo Gomes, São José dos Campos, SP, 12228-900, Brazil

    Adriana Medeiros Gama & Emerson Sarmento Gonçalves

  3. Laboratório Associado de Sensores, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, 12227-010, Brazil

    Mauricio Ribeiro Baldan

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  1. Anne Karoline dos Santos Poli
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  2. Rodrigo Barbosa Hilário
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Correspondence to Emerson Sarmento Gonçalves.

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dos Santos Poli, A.K., Hilário, R.B., Gama, A.M. et al. Influence of heat treatment temperature of carbon fiber felt substrate on polyaniline electrosynthesis and its properties. J Solid State Electrochem 23, 33–52 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4107-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-018-4107-8

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