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Effect of reduction heat treatment in H2 atmosphere on structure and electrochemical properties of activated carbon

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Abstract

Activated carbon is heat-treated in a H2 atmosphere at 600, 800, and 1000 °C for 1 h, respectively, to be used as electrode material for electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs). After heat treatment, the surface morphology has no obvious change as compared with the raw material. The specific surface area and pore volume of sample treated at 600 °C have a slightly increase while those of samples treated at higher temperature decrease. XPS and elemental analysis indicate that oxygen containing functional groups on the sample are significantly reduced after treatment. The electrochemical performance of samples was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge tests in 1 M TEABF4/PC electrolyte. The sample treated at 600 °C shows the optimized electrochemical performance with increase capacitance, enhanced stability, and improved energy density. Its initial specific capacitance is near 127 F/g, and initial coulombic efficiency is about 52 %. At 3.0 V, its energy density reaches 32 Wh/kg and specific capacitance is about 70 F/g at 1 A/g even after 10,000 charge–discharge cycles. Thus, heat treatment at 600 °C under H2 atmosphere is an effective method to improve electrochemical properties of EDLCs based on activated carbon material.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863) (2013AA050905), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (51172160, 51372168).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Ting-ting Qin & Cheng-yang Wang

  2. Laboratory of Fiber Modification and Functional Fiber, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin, 300387, People’s Republic of China

    Zhi-qiang Shi

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, People’s Republic of China

    Ting-ting Qin, Ming-wei Li & Cheng-yang Wang

Authors
  1. Ting-ting Qin
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  2. Zhi-qiang Shi
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  3. Ming-wei Li
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  4. Cheng-yang Wang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhi-qiang Shi or Cheng-yang Wang.

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Qin, Tt., Shi, Zq., Li, Mw. et al. Effect of reduction heat treatment in H2 atmosphere on structure and electrochemical properties of activated carbon. J Solid State Electrochem 19, 1437–1446 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2767-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-015-2767-1

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