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Systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the proportion of maxillofacial trauma resulting from different etiologies among children and adolescents

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aimed to determine via systematic review and meta-analysis the proportion of maxillofacial trauma resulting from different etiologies among children and adolescents.

Methods

A systematic review of articles published from 2006 to 2015 (10 years) in English language was performed. The following databases were used: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. Observational studies reporting the number of children and/or adolescents who suffered maxillofacial trauma resulting from different etiologies were included. Studies were selected by two independent reviewers (Kappa = 0.737). A proportion meta-analysis using random-effect models was performed to estimate the pooled prevalence and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) using Der-Simonian and Laird weights. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I 2 statistics.

Results

A total of 27 studies remained after qualitative analysis including 402,339 patients. The male/female ratio ranged from 1.5:1 to 3.5:1. Road traffic accidents corresponded to the main etiology agent of maxillofacial trauma (34%; 95% CI, 25–44), followed by falls (31%; 95% CI, 25–37), violence (11%; 95% CI, 4–19), sports (4%; 95% CI, 3–5), and others (5%; 95% CI, 2–8). Heterogeneity among studies was high, even stratifying by world region. The adapted version of the Newcastle-Ottawa scale for observational studies showed an intermediate score for most of the included studies.

Conclusions

Results suggest that road traffic accidents represent the main cause of maxillofacial trauma among children and adolescents. However, results should be interpreted with caution due to the high heterogeneity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG, R. Prof. Moacir Gomes de Freitas, 688, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil

    Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega Barbosa, Efigênia Ferreira e Ferreira & Raquel Conceição Ferreira

  2. Department of Dentistry, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba - UEPB, Av. das Baraúnas, 351, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

    Ítalo de Macedo Bernardino & Sérgio d’Avila

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  1. Kevan Guilherme Nóbrega Barbosa
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  2. Ítalo de Macedo Bernardino
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  3. Sérgio d’Avila
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Correspondence to Sérgio d’Avila.

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Author KGNB has received research grants from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Ethical approval does not apply for being a review article. Studies included were in accordance with the ethical research principles.

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Barbosa, K.G.N., de Macedo Bernardino, Í., d’Avila, S. et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the proportion of maxillofacial trauma resulting from different etiologies among children and adolescents. Oral Maxillofac Surg 21, 131–145 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10006-017-0610-9

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