Skip to main content

Advertisement

Log in

Foreword – ADHD in the scientific and political context

  • ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTION
  • Published:
European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

    We’re sorry, something doesn't seem to be working properly.

    Please try refreshing the page. If that doesn't work, please contact support so we can address the problem.

Abstract

The foreword focuses on the three main critical questions within the political debate: (1) Is ADHD a psychiatric disorder? (2) Is there over–diagnosis and overtreatment of ADHD? (3) Are psychostimulants dangerous drugs?

After discussing the problems within the context of general scientific and merely European political context, the authors conclude with a positive outlook comprising (1) step–up of research in ADHD, (2) exercised control over diagnosis and treatment, (3) the need for training and continuous personal development for doctors, and (4) Improvement of information to teachers and parents.

The presented supplement on ”ADHD – beyond core symptoms. Not only a European perspective” underlines this perspective and reflects a broad spectrum of ADHD–related activities currently underway in Europe while having the worldwide development of the field in mind.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Angold A, Erkanli A, Egger HL, Costello EJ (2000) Stimulant treatment for children: a community perspective. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:975–984

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, Fletcher K (2003) Does the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder with stimulants contribute to drug use/abuse? A 13-year prospective study. Pediatrics 111:97–109

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Baumgaertel A, Wolraich ML, Dietrich M (1995) Comparison of diagnostic criteria for attention deficit disorders in a German elementary school sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 34: 629–638

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Biederman J, Wilens T, Mick E, Spencer T, Faraone SV (1999) Pharmacotherapy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder reduces risk for substance use disorder. Pediatrics 104:e20

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Burd L, Klug MG, Coumbe MJ, Kerbeshian J (2003) Children and adolescents with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder: 1.Prevalence and cost of care. J Child Neurol 18:555–561

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Council of Europe (2000) Sociocultural Factors and the Treatment of ADHD. Council of Europe, Strasbourg

  7. De Jong PE (1997) Short-term trends in Dutch children’s attention problems. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 6:73–80

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. DeGrandpre R (1999) Ritalin Nation; Rapid-fire Culture and the Transformation of Human Consciousness. W.W. Norton and Company, New York

  9. Drug Enforcement Administration (1995) Methylphenidate Review. DEA, Washington DC

  10. Gomez R, Harvey J, Quick C, Scharer I, Harris G (1999) DSM-IV AD/HD: Confirmatory factor models, prevalence, and gender and age differences based on parent and teacher ratings of Australian primary school children. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 40:265–274

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Jensen PS, Kettle L, Roper MT, Sloan MT, Dulcan MK, Hoven C, Bird HR, Bauermeister JJ, Payne JD (1999) Are stimulants overprescribed? Treatment of ADHD in four US communities. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38: 797–804

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Lahey BB, Applegate B, McBurnett K, Biederman J, Greenhill L, Hynd GW, Barkley RA, Newcorn J, Jensen P, Richters J (1994) DSM-IV field trials for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Am J Psychiatry 151:1673–1685

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Llana ME, Crismon ML (1999) Methylphenidate: increased abuse or appropriate use? J Am Pharmaceutical Assoc 39:526–530

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. National Institutes of Health (NIH) (2000) National Institutes of Health Consensus development statement: diagnosis and treatment of Attentiondeficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39:182–193

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Pollack W (1998) Real Boys: Rescuing our Sons from the Myths of Boyhood. Random House, New York

    Google Scholar 

  16. Rapoport JL, Buchsbaum M, Weingartner H, Zahn TP, Ludlow CL, Mikkelsen EJ (1980) Dextroamphetamine. Its cognitive and behavioral effects in normal and hyperactive boys and normal men. Arch Gen Psychiatry 37:933–943

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Rothenberger A, Banaschewski T (2002) Towards a better drug treatment for patients in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry – the European approach. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 11:243–246

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Safer DJ, Krager JM (1992) Effect of a media blitz and a threatened lawsuit on stimulant treatment. J Am Med Assoc 268:1004–1007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Seiden LS, Ricaurte GA (1987) Neurotoxocity of methamphetamine and related drugs. In: Meltzer HY (ed) Psychopharmacology: The Third Generation of Progress. Raven Press, New York, pp 359–366

  20. Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau (SCP) (1999) Op Weg naar Andere Tijden? SDU, Den Haag

  21. Spensley J, Rockwell DA (1972) Psychosis during methylphenidate abuse. New Engl J Med 286:880–881

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Swanson JM, Sergeant JA, Taylor E, Sonuga-Barke EJS, Jensen PS, Cantwell DP (1998) Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and hyperkinetic disorder. Lancet 351:429–433

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Szasz T (1970) The Manufacture of Madness: A Comparative Study of the Inquisition and the Mental Health Movement. Harper & Row, New York

    Google Scholar 

  24. Szasz T (1961) The Myth of Mental Illness: Foundations of a Theory of Personal Conduct. Hoeper Harper, New York

    Google Scholar 

  25. Van Praag HM (1999) Nosologomanie, een aandoening van de psychiatrie. Tijdschrift voor Psychiatrie 12:703–712

    Google Scholar 

  26. Verhulst FC, Van der Ende J, Rietbergen A (1997) Ten-year time trends of psychopathology in Dutch children and adolescents: no evidence for strong trends. Acta Psychiatr Scand 96:7–13

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Volkow ND, Ding YS, Fowler JS, Wang GJ, Logan J, Gatley JS, Dewey S, Ashby C, Liebermann J, Hitzemann R (1995) Is methylphenidate like cocaine? Studies on their pharmacokinetics and distribution in the human brain. Arch Gen Psychiatry 52:456–463

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Wagner GC, Ricaurte GA, Johanson CE, Schuster CR, Seiden LS (1980) Amphetamine induces depletion of dopamine and loss of dopamine uptake sites in caudate. Neurology 30:547–550

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Wolraich ML, Hannah JN, Pinnock TY, Baumgaertel A, Brown J (1996) Comparison of diagnostic criteria for attention- deficit hyperactivity disorder in a county-wide sample. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 35:319–324

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. K. Buitelaar.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Buitelaar, J.K., Rothenberger, A. Foreword – ADHD in the scientific and political context. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 13 (Suppl 1), i1–i6 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-004-1001-y

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-004-1001-y

Keywords

Navigation