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In vitro validation of near-infrared transillumination at 780 nm for the detection of caries on proximal surfaces

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of the present in vitro study was to determine the ability of Diagnocam to detect caries at an early stage and to compare it with digital radiography.

Materials and methods

One hundred twenty proximal surfaces composed equally of sound and decayed surfaces were evaluated by assessing images captured with Diagnocam (Kavo, Biberach, Germany) and digital radiography (DR). All images were assessed twice by two calibrated dentists with a minimum interval of 2 weeks between examinations. The results were compared with μCT scans.

Results

Inter-rater reliability showed nearly perfect agreement; a high intra-rater reliability was calculated. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients showed a strong correlation of Diagnocam and μCT (0.82). DR and μCT achieved a slightly lower correlation (0.73). The surfaces were categorized into sound surfaces, enamel lesions, and dentin lesions to determine intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), sensitivity and specificity. ICCs between μCT and DR ranged from 0.20 to 0.63. ICCs between Diagnocam and DR were higher in all categories and ranged from 0.56 to 0.83. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of Diagnocam achieved mostly higher values than DR. In detecting enamel lesions, sensitivity was 0.36 for DR and 0.59 for the DC. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of Diagnocam were larger than those of DR in all categories.

Conclusions

Diagnocam is more capable of detecting initial proximal lesions than DR and also has a higher sensitivity for dentin lesions. However, caries progression in dentin cannot be reliably determined with Diagnocam.

Clinical relevance

Diagnocam may be suitable as a supplement to X-ray diagnostics in clinical use.

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Notes

  1. Carivu corresponds to the Diagnocam distributed in Europe but uses a different software.

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Funding

The work was supported by the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology of the University Hospital of the LMU Munich.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336, Munich, Germany

    Alexander Lederer, Karl-Heinz Kunzelmann, Katrin Heck, Reinhard Hickel & Friederike Litzenburger

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  1. Alexander Lederer
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  2. Karl-Heinz Kunzelmann
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Correspondence to Alexander Lederer.

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This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. All experimental procedures were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich, Germany (488-15 UE).

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Lederer, A., Kunzelmann, KH., Heck, K. et al. In vitro validation of near-infrared transillumination at 780 nm for the detection of caries on proximal surfaces. Clin Oral Invest 23, 3933–3940 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-019-02824-0

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