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Heel bone mineral density and various oral diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization

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Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Introduction

Observational studies demonstrated that the relationship between bone mineral density and oral diseases is mixed. To access the association between heel bone mineral density and various oral diseases, we conducted the Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the association.

Materials and Methods

Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian analysis was used to explore the relationship between heel bone mineral density and various oral diseases. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was used as the primary effect estimate, and various methods were applied to test the reliability and stability of the results, namely MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode.

Results

This study showed that there was a negative relationship between heel BMD and periodontitis when heel BMD was used as an exposure factor and periodontitis as an outcome factor (IVW OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75–0.95; p = 0.005). Bidirectional Mendelian randomization showed that there was no statistically significant association between periodontitis and heel bone mineral density when chronic periodontitis was the exposure factor (p > 0.05). And there was no significant relationship between heel bone mineral density and other oral diseases (dental caries, diseases of pulp and periapical tissues, impacted teeth, cleft lip, and cleft palate, oral and oropharyngeal cancer) (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

This study showed that there was a negative relationship between heel bone density and periodontitis, and the decrease in heel bone density could promote the occurrence of periodontitis. In addition, there was no statistically significant relationship between heel bone density and other oral diseases.

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Acknowledgements

We thank participants and staff of the FinnGen consortium, the UK Biobank, the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, and the European Bioinformatics Institute.

Funding

This study was supported by the Guiyang Science and Technology Plan Project (Effect of adenoid or tonsil hypertrophy on three-dimensional morphology of palate and its correlation [2023]48-28, Three-dimensional structure and hydrodynamics of adult airway affected by osseous arch expansion based on cortical incision [2019]9-7-5), and the Guiyang Health and Family Planning Commission (A preliminary study on the position analysis of CR and CO disordered condyle in adult patients with mandibular retraction [2015]041).

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    Authors and Affiliations

    1. School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China

      Ya-Shi Zhou, Si-Yu Li, Jian-Guo Liu & Ju-Xiang Peng

    2. Guiyang Hospital of Stomatology, Guiyang, Guizhou, China

      Ya-Shi Zhou, Zhi-Jun Zheng, Si-Yu Li & Ju-Xiang Peng

    3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China

      Ju-Kun Song

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    1. Ya-Shi Zhou
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    Contributions

    Y-SZ: Wrote the manuscript, find data, idea hypothesis, data analysis. J-KS: Find data, proofread the manuscript, experimental design. Z-JZ, J-GL: Proofread the manuscript, statistical evaluation. S-YL: Proofread the manuscript. J-XP: Proofread the manuscrip, statistical evaluation, contributed substantially to discussion.

    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to Jian-Guo Liu or Ju-Xiang Peng.

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    Conflict of interest

    Authors have no conflict of interest to declare.

    Ethical approval

    The present Mendelian randomization analysis was based on summary data from previous studies that had gained written informed consent and ethics approval. And all methods were performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. No ethical permit is required for the secondary analysis of summary data. Therefore, the secondary analysis of the aggregated data does not require new approval from the Ethics Review Committee.

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    For this type of study formal consent is not required.

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    Publisher's Note

    Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

    Ya-Shi Zhou and Ju-Kun Song are contributed equally to this work.

    Ju‑Xiang Peng is the more important contributor of the two corresponding authors. Jian‑Guo Liu is the second corresponding author.

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    Cite this article

    Zhou, YS., Song, JK., Zheng, ZJ. et al. Heel bone mineral density and various oral diseases: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization. J Bone Miner Metab 41, 673–681 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-023-01443-w

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    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00774-023-01443-w

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