Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Detecting oxidative post-translational modifications in proteins

  • Mini-Review Article
  • Published:
Amino Acids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary.

Oxidative stress induces various post-translational modifications (PTM); some are reversible in vivo via enzymatic catalysis. The present paper reviews specific procedures for the detection of oxidative PTM in proteins, most of them including electrophoresis. Main topics are carbonylated and glutathionylated proteins as well as modification of selected amino acids (Cys, Tyr, Met, Trp, Lys).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • S Awasthi A Gyurasics SA Knight SE Welty CV Smith (1998) ArticleTitleProtein oxidation biomarkers in hyperoxic lung injury in rats: effects of U-74389 Toxicol Lett 95 47–61 Occurrence Handle9650646 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0378-4274(98)00020-4 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXivVKhtL0%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JW Baty MB Hampton CC Winterbourn (2002) ArticleTitleDetection of oxidant sensitive thiol proteins by fluorescence labeling and two-dimensional electrophoresis Proteomics 2 1261–1266 Occurrence Handle12362344 Occurrence Handle10.1002/1615-9861(200209)2:9<1261::AID-PROT1261>3.0.CO;2-Q Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xnsl2mtrg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Bautista MD Mateos-Nevado (1998) ArticleTitleImmunological detection and quantification of oxidized proteins by labelling with digoxigenin Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 62 419–423 Occurrence Handle9571770 Occurrence Handle10.1271/bbb.62.419 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXisFymtLs%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BS Berlett ER Stadtman (1997) ArticleTitleProtein oxidation in aging, disease, and oxidative stress J Biol Chem 272 20313–20316 Occurrence Handle9252331 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.272.33.20313 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlsFKhsbw%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RL Caruso BL Upham C Harris JE Trosko (2005) ArticleTitleBiphasic lindane-induced oxidation of glutathione and inhibition of gap junctions in myometrial cells Toxicol Sci 86 417–426 Occurrence Handle15901910 Occurrence Handle10.1093/toxsci/kfi208 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvF2ht7o%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • F Casoni M Basso T Massignan E Gianazza C Cheroni M Salmona C Bendotti V Bonetto (2005) ArticleTitleProtein nitration in a mouse model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Possible multifunctional role in the pathogenesis J Biol Chem 280 16295–16304 Occurrence Handle15699043 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.M413111200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjtleitbc%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • YC Chai G Hoppe J Sears (2003) ArticleTitleReversal of protein S-glutathiolation by glutaredoxin in the retinal pigment epithelium Exp Eye Res 76 155–159 Occurrence Handle12565802 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0014-4835(02)00309-3 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotl2gtQ%3D%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • G Cheng Y Ikeda Y Iuchi J Fujii (2005) ArticleTitleDetection of S-glutathionylated proteins by glutathione S-transferase overlay Arch Biochem Biophys 435 42–49 Occurrence Handle15680905 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.abb.2004.12.016 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXos1Gmtg%3D%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GA Czapski D Avram KW Wirtz EH Pap JB Strosznajder (2001) ArticleTitleDetection of protein oxidation in endothelial cells by fluorescently labelled tyramine Med Sci Monit 7 606–609 Occurrence Handle11433184 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXls1Kqu7Y%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KJ Davies (2001) ArticleTitleDegradation of oxidized proteins by the 20S proteasome Biochimie 83 301–310 Occurrence Handle11295490 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0300-9084(01)01250-0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXivFKhu7s%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RT Dean S Fu R Stocker MJ Davies (1997) ArticleTitleBiochemistry and pathology of radical-mediated protein oxidation Biochem J 324 1–18 Occurrence Handle9164834 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjsFCjurs%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Demasi GM Silva LE Netto (2003) ArticleTitle20S proteasome from Saccharomyces cerevisiae is responsive to redox modifications and is S-glutathionylated J Biol Chem 278 679–685 Occurrence Handle12409293 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.M209282200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XpvVWns7Y%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RA Dunlop KJ Rodgers RT Dean (2002) ArticleTitleRecent developments in the intracellular degradation of oxidized proteins Free Radic Biol Med 33 894–906 Occurrence Handle12361801 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0891-5849(02)00958-9 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XnsVahtrg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P Eaton N Wright DJ Hearse MJ Shattock (2002) ArticleTitleGlyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase oxidation during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion J Mol Cell Cardiol 34 1549–1560 Occurrence Handle12431453 Occurrence Handle10.1006/jmcc.2002.2108 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XosVeku7c%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K England T Cotter (2004) ArticleTitleIdentification of carbonylated proteins by MALDI-TOF mass spectroscopy reveals susceptibility of ER Biochem Biophys Res Commun 320 123–130 Occurrence Handle15207711 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.05.144 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXltVKgsLY%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AE Fisher DP Naughton (2005) ArticleTitleWhy nutraceuticals do not prevent or treat Alzheimer’s disease Nutr J 4 14 Occurrence Handle15826313 Occurrence Handle10.1186/1475-2891-4-14 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktVCjt7w%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • B Frank S Gupta (2005) ArticleTitleA review of antioxidants and Alzheimer’s disease Ann Clin Psychiatry 17 269–286 Occurrence Handle16402761 Occurrence Handle10.1080/10401230500296428

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • M Fratelli H Demol M Puype S Casagrande I Eberini M Salmona V Bonetto M Mengozzi F Duffieux E Miclet A Bachi J Vandekerckhove E Gianazza P Ghezzi (2002) ArticleTitleIdentification by redox proteomics of glutathionylated proteins in oxidatively stressed human T lymphocytes Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99 3505–3510 Occurrence Handle11904414 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.052592699 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xis1Klsrk%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Fratelli H Demol M Puype S Casagrande P Villa I Eberini J Vandekerckhove E Gianazza P Ghezzi (2003) ArticleTitleIdentification of proteins undergoing glutathionylation in oxidatively stressed hepatocytes and hepatoma cells Proteomics 3 1154–1161 Occurrence Handle12872216 Occurrence Handle10.1002/pmic.200300436 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXmtF2rsb8%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P Ghezzi V Bonetto M Fratelli (2005) ArticleTitleThiol-disulfide balance: from the concept of oxidative stress to that of redox regulation Antioxid Redox Signal 7 964–972 Occurrence Handle15998251 Occurrence Handle10.1089/ars.2005.7.964 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlsl2is7c%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HR Griffiths (2000) ArticleTitleAntioxidants and protein oxidation Free Radic Res 33 IssueID[Suppl] S47–S58 Occurrence Handle11191275 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjtVSnsA%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Grune K Merker G Sandig KJ Davies (2003) ArticleTitleSelective degradation of oxidatively modified protein substrates by the proteasome Biochem Biophys Res Commun 305 709–718 Occurrence Handle12763051 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0006-291X(03)00809-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjvFersLk%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Y Hamnell-Pamment C Lind C Palmberg T Bergman IA Cotgreave (2005) ArticleTitleDetermination of site-specificity of S-glutathionylated cellular proteins Biochem Biophys Res Commun 332 362–369 Occurrence Handle15910747 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXks1Cqtrs%3D Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.04.130

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KM Humphries C Juliano SS Taylor (2002) ArticleTitleRegulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity by glutathionylation J Biol Chem 277 43505–43511 Occurrence Handle12189155 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.M207088200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xos1emtrs%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K Iwai (2003) ArticleTitleAn ubiquitin ligase recognizing a protein oxidized by iron: implications for the turnover of oxidatively damaged proteins J Biochem (Tokyo) 134 175–182 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXotlSktb0%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MJ Jackson (1999) ArticleTitleAn overview of methods for assessment of free radical activity in biology Proc Nutr Soc 58 1001–1006 Occurrence Handle10817168 Occurrence Handle10.1017/S0029665199001317 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsVSjurg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AF Jones J Lunec (1987) ArticleTitleProtein fluorescence and its relationship to free radical activity Br J Cancer [Suppl] 8 60–65 Occurrence Handle1:STN:280:BieD3c%2FjvVU%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • I Juranek S Bezek (2005) ArticleTitleControversy of free radical hypothesis: reactive oxygen species: cause or consequence of tissue injury? Gen Physiol Biophys 24 263–278 Occurrence Handle16308423 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XnvVOmsw%3D%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MA Korolainen G Goldsteins I Alafuzoff J Koistinaho T Pirttila (2002) ArticleTitleProteomic analysis of protein oxidation in Alzheimer’s disease brain Electrophoresis 23 3428–3433 Occurrence Handle12373773 Occurrence Handle10.1002/1522-2683(200210)23:19<3428::AID-ELPS3428>3.0.CO;2-5 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xot1Kis70%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BK Kristensen P Askerlund NV Bykova H Egsgaard IM Moller (2004) ArticleTitleIdentification of oxidised proteins in the matrix of rice leaf mitochondria by immunoprecipitation and two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Phytochemistry 65 1839–1851 Occurrence Handle15276442 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.phytochem.2004.04.007 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtVequ7o%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Laragione V Bonetto F Casoni T Massignan G Bianchi E Gianazza P Ghezzi (2003) ArticleTitleRedox regulation of surface protein thiols: identification of integrin α-4 as a molecular target by using redox proteomics Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100 14737–14741 Occurrence Handle14657342 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.2434516100 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpvFaqs7k%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Lind R Gerdes Y Hamnell I Schuppe-Koistinen HB von Lowenhielm A Holmgren IA Cotgreave (2002) ArticleTitleIdentification of S-glutathionylated cellular proteins during oxidative stress and constitutive metabolism by affinity purification and proteomic analysis Arch Biochem Biophys 406 229–240 Occurrence Handle12361711 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0003-9861(02)00468-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xntlamtbo%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • S Linton MJ Davies RT Dean (2001) ArticleTitleProtein oxidation and ageing Exp Gerontol 36 1503–1518 Occurrence Handle11525873 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0531-5565(01)00136-X Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXmt1Kktr8%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Mary S Vougier CR Picot M Perichon I Petropoulos B Friguet (2004) ArticleTitleEnzymatic reactions involved in the repair of oxidized proteins Exp Gerontol 39 1117–1123 Occurrence Handle15359468 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.exger.2004.06.008 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmt1Kmur4%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ST Mayne (2003) ArticleTitleAntioxidant nutrients and chronic disease: use of biomarkers of exposure and oxidative stress status in epidemiologic research J Nutr [Suppl] 133 IssueID3 933S–940S Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhvFylt7o%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • H Mirzaei F Regnier (2005) ArticleTitleAffinity chromatographic selection of carbonylated proteins followed by identification of oxidation sites using tandem mass spectrometry Anal Chem 77 2386–2392 Occurrence Handle15828771 Occurrence Handle10.1021/ac0484373 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXitVynsb4%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Miyagi H Sakaguchi RM Darrow L Yan KA West KS Aulak DJ Stuehr JG Hollyfield DT Organisciak JW Crabb (2002) ArticleTitleEvidence that light modulates protein nitration in rat retina Mol Cell Proteomics 1 293–303 Occurrence Handle12096111 Occurrence Handle10.1074/mcp.M100034-MCP200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktFSmtL8%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • IM Moller BK Kristensen (2006) ArticleTitleProtein oxidation in plant mitochondria detected as oxidized tryptophan Free Radic Biol Med 40 430–435 Occurrence Handle16443157 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.08.036 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XovVShug%3D%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R Moreau SH Heath CE Doneanu JG Lindsay TM Hagen (2003) ArticleTitleAge-related increase in 4-hydroxynonenal adduction to rat heart α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase does not cause loss of its catalytic activity Antioxid Redox Signal 5 517–527 Occurrence Handle14580306 Occurrence Handle10.1089/152308603770310167 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXosVertrg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PI Moreira MA Smith X Zhu A Nunomura RJ Castellani G Perry (2005) ArticleTitleOxidative stress and neurodegeneration Ann N Y Acad Sci 1043 545–552 Occurrence Handle16037277 Occurrence Handle10.1196/annals.1333.062 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXpvVKqtLk%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • J Moskovitz ER Stadtman (2003) ArticleTitleSelenium-deficient diet enhances protein oxidation and affects methionine sulfoxide reductase (MsrB) protein level in certain mouse tissues Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100 7486–7490 Occurrence Handle12792026 Occurrence Handle10.1073/pnas.1332607100 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlt1Wrtbw%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SK Niture CS Velu NI Bailey KS Srivenugopal (2005) ArticleTitleS-thiolation mimicry: quantitative and kinetic analysis of redox status of protein cysteines by glutathione-affinity chromatography Arch Biochem Biophys 444 174–184 Occurrence Handle16297848 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.abb.2005.10.013 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1OltL7N

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Packer L (ed) (1984) Oxygen radicals in biological systems. Methods Enzymol 105: 3–600

    Google Scholar 

  • Packer L, Glazer AN (eds) (1990) Oxygen radicals in biological systems. Part B: Oxygen radicals and antioxidants. Methods Enzymol 186: 1–855

    Google Scholar 

  • T Rabilloud M Heller F Gasnier S Luche C Rey R Aebersold M Benahmed P Louisot J Lunardi (2002) ArticleTitleProteomics analysis of cellular response to oxidative stress: evidence for in vivo overoxidation of peroxiredoxins at their active site J Biol Chem 277 19396–19401 Occurrence Handle11904290 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.M106585200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XksVWltbo%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • T Reinheckel S Korn S Mohring W Augustin W Halangk L Schild (2000) ArticleTitleAdaptation of protein carbonyl detection to the requirements of proteome analysis demonstrated for hypoxia/reoxygenation in isolated rat liver mitochondria Arch Biochem Biophys 376 59–65 Occurrence Handle10729190 Occurrence Handle10.1006/abbi.1999.1680 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhvVKltb4%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • K Rokutan JA Thomas RB Johnston SuffixJr (1991) ArticleTitlePhagocytosis and stimulation of the respiratory burst by phorbol diester initiate S-thiolation of specific proteins in macrophages J Immunol 147 260–264 Occurrence Handle1646844 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltFals7g%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • P Rottoli B Magi R Cianti E Bargagli C Vagaggini N Nikiforakis V Pallini L Bini (2005) ArticleTitleCarbonylated proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with sarcoidosis, pulmonary fibrosis associated with systemic sclerosis and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis Proteomics 5 2612–2618 Occurrence Handle15924291 Occurrence Handle10.1002/pmic.200401206 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXmtF2gtL0%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DV Sakharov A Bunschoten H van Weelden KW Wirtz (2003) ArticleTitlePhotodynamic treatment and H2O2-induced oxidative stress result in different patterns of cellular protein oxidation Eur J Biochem 270 4859–4865 Occurrence Handle14653812 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1432-1033.2003.03885.x Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXitVOr

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • C Seppi MA Castellana G Minetti G Piccinini C Balduini A Brovelli (1991) ArticleTitleEvidence for membrane protein oxidation during in vivo aging of human erythrocytes Mech Ageing Dev 57 247–258 Occurrence Handle2056779 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0047-6374(91)90050-A Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXhs1Wlsbw%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BA Soreghan F Yang SN Thomas J Hsu AJ Yang (2003) ArticleTitleHigh-throughput proteomic-based identification of oxidatively induced protein carbonylation in mouse brain Pharm Res 20 1713–1720 Occurrence Handle14661913 Occurrence Handle10.1023/B:PHAM.0000003366.25263.78 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXptVChtrs%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DM Sullivan NB Wehr MM Fergusson RL Levine T Finkel (2000) ArticleTitleIdentification of oxidant-sensitive proteins: TNF-α induces protein glutathiolation Biochemistry 39 11121–11128 Occurrence Handle10998251 Occurrence Handle10.1021/bi0007674 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXls1Oktbg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JM Talent Y Kong RW Gracy (1998) ArticleTitleA double stain for total and oxidized proteins from two-dimensional fingerprints Anal Biochem 263 31–38 Occurrence Handle9750139 Occurrence Handle10.1006/abio.1998.2752 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmtlygt70%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • JA Thomas EM Park YC Chai R Brooks K Rokutan RB Johnston SuffixJr (1991) ArticleTitleS-thiolation of protein sulfhydryls Adv Exp Med Biol 283 95–103 Occurrence Handle2069070 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXltFWhsrw%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ML Tiku R Shah GT Allison (2000) ArticleTitleEvidence linking chondrocyte lipid peroxidation to cartilage matrix protein degradation: possible role in cartilage aging and the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis J Biol Chem 275 20069–20076 Occurrence Handle10867027 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.M907604199 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkslahu7Y%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Valko H Morris MT Cronin (2005) ArticleTitleMetals, toxicity and oxidative stress Curr Med Chem 12 1161–1208 Occurrence Handle15892631 Occurrence Handle10.2174/0929867053764635 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktlant7g%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • M Valko CJ Rhodes J Moncol M Izakovic M Mazur (2006) ArticleTitleFree radicals, metals and antioxidants in oxidative stress-induced cancer Chem Biol Interact 160 1–40 Occurrence Handle16430879 Occurrence Handle10.1016/j.cbi.2005.12.009 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhsF2hsrY%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • E Wagner S Luche L Penna M Chevallet A Van Dorsselaer E Leize-Wagner T Rabilloud (2002) ArticleTitleA method for detection of overoxidation of cysteines: peroxiredoxins are oxidized in vivo at the active-site cysteine during oxidative stress Biochem J 366 777–785 Occurrence Handle12059788 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XntVymur0%3D

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • R Wait S Begum D Brambilla AM Carabelli F Conserva A Rocco Guerini I Eberini R Ballerio M Gemeiner I Miller E Gianazza (2005) ArticleTitleRedox options in two-dimensional electrophoresis Amino Acids 28 239–272 Occurrence Handle15744479 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s00726-005-0175-z Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktVOqsLo%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HA Woo SW Kang HK Kim KS Yang HZ Chae SG Rhee (2003) ArticleTitleReversible oxidation of the active site cysteine of peroxiredoxins to cysteine sulfinic acid: immunoblot detection with antibodies specific for the hyperoxidized cysteine-containing sequence J Biol Chem 278 47361–47364 Occurrence Handle14559909 Occurrence Handle10.1074/jbc.C300428200 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpt1Cqsbg%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BS Yoo FE Regnier (2004) ArticleTitleProteomic analysis of carbonylated proteins in two-dimensional gel electrophoresis using avidin-fluorescein affinity staining Electrophoresis 25 1334–1341 Occurrence Handle15174056 Occurrence Handle10.1002/elps.200405890 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXks12htL4%3D

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Gruppo di Studio per la Proteomica e la Struttura delle Proteine, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy

    E. Gianazza

  2. Nonlinear Dynamics Ltd., Newcastle-upon-Tyne, U.K.

    J. Crawford

  3. Department für Naturwissenschaften, Institut für Medizinische Chemie, Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Austria

    I. Miller

Authors
  1. E. Gianazza
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. J. Crawford
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. I. Miller
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Gianazza, E., Crawford, J. & Miller, I. Detecting oxidative post-translational modifications in proteins. Amino Acids 33, 51–56 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0410-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00726-006-0410-2

Search

Navigation