Abstract
Cytosolic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC) catalyzes a key reaction in glycolysis and encoded by a multi-gene family which showed instability expression under abiotic stress. DNA methylation is an epigenetic modification that plays an important role in gene regulation in response to abiotic stress. The comprehension of DNA methylation at promoter region of TaGAPC1 can provide insights into the transcription regulation mechanisms of plant genes under abiotic stress. In this study, we cloned TaGAPC1 genes and its promoters from two wheat genomes, then investigated the expression patterns of TaGAPC1 under osmotic and salinity stress, and analyzed the promoter sequences. Moreover, the methylation patterns of promoters under stress were confirmed. Expression analysis indicated that TaGAPC1 was induced inordinately by stresses in two wheat genotypes with contrasting drought tolerance. Several stress-related cis-acting elements (MBS, DRE, GT1 and LTR et al.) were located in its promoters. Furthermore, the osmotic and salinity stress induced the demethylation of CG and CHG nucleotide in the promoter region of Changwu134. The methylation level of CHG and CHH in promoter of Zhengyin1 was always increased under stresses, and the CG contexts remained unchanged. The cytosine loci of stress-related cis-acting elements also showed different methylation changes in this process. These results provide insights into the relationship between promoter methylation and gene expression, promoting the function investigation of GAPC.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31271625 and No. 51479189), The State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 10502), and The National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150402).
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Supplementary fig. 1
Comparison of promoter sequences of TaGAPC1s. Identical similarity is shaded in gray; cis-acting elements in two promoters from different wheat cultivars are in rectangles; Translational start sites are shown in italics. 5′ UTR are shown in underline. (TIF 18,721 kb)
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Fei, Y., Xue, Y., Du, P. et al. Expression analysis and promoter methylation under osmotic and salinity stress of TaGAPC1 in wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Protoplasma 254, 987–996 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1008-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-016-1008-5