Abstract
Molybdenum is well known for its toxic effects, although it is also essential for N2-fixing cyanobacteria and several enzymes. This study proposes a simple and accurate procedure for separation, preconcentration, and determination of trace amounts of molybdenum in biological samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. It is based on complexation of Mo by cupferron and sorption onto activated carbon. Effects of parameters such as pH, stirring time, and amounts of activated carbon and cupferron on recovery were examined. The results demonstrated that Mo at pH range of 2.5–3.5 was quantitatively sorbed onto activated carbon as its cupferron complex. The optimum stirring time was found to be 30 min. The relative standard deviation was found to be 12% for 200 cm3 50 ng/cm3 Mo using 10 replicate preconcentration procedures. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 1.0 and 3 ng/cm3, respectively, by preconcentration of 200 cm3 initial sample to 2 cm3 final volume. As a result, an enrichment factor of 100-fold was achieved. The proposed preconcentration procedure was applied to determine Mo in biological samples such as vegetables, milk, and animal liver. The molybdenum concentrations were found (as μg/dm3 or μg/kg) in the range of 70–5,500 for plants, 3–124 for milk and milk powder, and 960 for liver samples.
Graphical abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Vyskocil A, Viau C (1999) J Appl Toxicol 19:185
Seifert M, Dorn W, Muller R, Holzinger S, Anke M (2009) Acta Aliment Hung 38:471
Pyrzynska K (2007) Anal Chim Acta 590:40
Patriarca M, Menditto A, Di Felice G, Petrucci F, Caroli S, Merli M, Valente C (1998) Microchem J 59:194
Holzinger S, Anke M, Rohrig B, Gonzalez D (1998) Analyst 123:447
Das AK, Chakraborty R, Cervera ML, de la Guardia M (2007) Talanta 71:987
Madrakian T, Ghazizadeh F (2008) J Hazard Mater 153:695
Lopez-Garcia I, Vinas P, Romero-Romero R, Hernandez-Cordoba M (2007) Anal Chim Acta 597:187
Agrawal YK, Sharma KR (2005) Talanta 67:112
dos Santos HC, Korn MGA, Ferreira SLC (2001) Anal Chim Acta 42:79
Burguera JL, Burguera M, Rondon C (2002) Talanta 58:1167
Jiang C, Wang J, He F (2001) Anal Chim Acta 439:307
Yigmatepe E, Avci H, Yaman M (2010) Asian J Chem 22:1829
Felipe-Sotelo M, Carlosena A, Fernandez-Fernandez E, Muniategui S, Lopez-Mahıa P, Prada D (2004) Anal Chim Acta 524:329
Gil RA, Pasini-Cabell S, Takara A, Smichowski P, Olsina RA, Martinez LD (2007) Microchem J 86:156
Ensafi AA, Khayamian T, Atabati M (2002) Talanta 57:785
Jiao K, Jin W, Metzner H (2001) Anal Chim Acta 260:35
Senkal BF, Ince M, Yavuz E, Yaman M (2007) Talanta 72:962
Kaya G, Yaman M (2008) Talanta 75:1127
Comitre ALD, Reis BF (2003) Anal Chim Acta 479:185
Zaijun L, Yuling Y, Jian T, Jiaomai P (2005) J Food Compos Anal 18:561
Lavado RS, Porcelli CA, Alvarez R (2001) Soil Till Res 62:55
Koplik R, Borkova M, Mestek O, Kominkova J, Suchanek M (2002) J Chromatogr B 775:179
Wappelhorst O (2002) Nutrition 18:317
Zou X, Li Y, Li M, Zheng B, Yang J (2004) Talanta 62:719
Avci H, Yaman M (2006) At Spectrosc 27:117
Yaman M (1998) Microchim Acta 129:115
Kaya G, Akdeniz I, Yaman M (2008) At Spectrosc 29:150
Yaman M, Ince M (2008) At Spectrosc 27:186
Yaman M, Gucer S (1995) Analusis 23:168
Gucer S, Yaman M (1992) J Anal At Spectrom 7:179
Yaman M (2001) Spectrosc Lett 34:763
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by the Scientific Investigate Projects of Firat University (FUBAP-758).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yigmatepe, E., Yaman, M. Determination of molybdenum in biological samples by flame atomic spectrometry after preconcentration on activated carbon. Monatsh Chem 142, 131–136 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-010-0442-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00706-010-0442-x